Abstract: A transcoding process may be performed in parallel, which may include different nodes processing different segments of a media file at different times. Different time slices of media files may have different properties, which may lead to errors when media files are encoded for later playback. Extracting metadata from frames of media files and evaluating the frames for discrepancies enables creation of a reconciliation manifest to correct discrepancies associated with the media file. As the transcoding process is performed, the reconciliation manifest may be reference to generate an output media file.

Abstract: An advancement over previous techniques using only certain out-of-band probe PDUs to determine loss. Packet loss statistics for a SD-WAN overlay path can be calculated for every packet transmitted by one endpoint and every packet received at the other endpoint. The roles of the positions of circular buffers can be periodically rotated from active to pre-stable to stable to post-stable. Counters in the active role can be incremented whenever a packet is transmitted. A position identifier can indicate which counter to increment when the packet is received. Counters in positions that are stable can be used to produce loss statistics for the SD-WAN overlay path.

Abstract: An advancement over previous techniques using only certain out-of-band probe PDUs to determine loss. Packet loss statistics for a SD-WAN overlay path can be calculated for every packet transmitted by one endpoint and every packet received at the other endpoint. The roles of the positions of circular buffers can be periodically rotated from active to pre-stable to stable to post-stable. Counters in the active role can be incremented whenever a packet is transmitted. A position identifier can indicate which counter to increment when the packet is received. Counters in positions that are stable can be used to produce loss statistics for the SD-WAN overlay path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for connecting multiple customer sites over a wide area network (WAN) using an overlay network is described. In one embodiment of the invention, each one of multiple customer edge (CE) routers establishes a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session with one or more BGP route reflectors and announces their private IP network prefixes and one or more transport IP addresses to reach that CE router. The BGP route reflector(s) reflect those IP network prefixes and the one or more transport IP addresses to reach that specific CE router to the other CE routers. The CE routers receive those reflected IP network prefixes and the corresponding transport IP address(es) to reach that CE router in which those IP network prefixes belong and register them in their corresponding routing/forwarding data structures. In this way, the CE routers learn how to reach each other.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for steering data traffic for a subscriber session from a network interface of a wireless access gateway to an anchoring one of a plurality of forwarding units of the wireless access gateway using a layer 2 (L2) address of the data traffic. For example, a wireless access gateway for a wireless local area network (WLAN) access network is described as having a decentralized data plane that includes multiple forwarding units for implementing subscriber sessions. Each forwarding unit may present a network interface for sending and receiving network packets and includes packet processing capabilities to enable subscriber data packet processing to perform the functionality of the wireless access gateway. The techniques enable steering data traffic for a given subscriber session to a particular one of the forwarding units of the wireless access gateway using an L2 address of the data traffic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for connecting multiple customer sites over a wide area network (WAN) using an overlay network is described. In one embodiment of the invention, each one of multiple customer edge (CE) routers establishes a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session with one or more BGP route reflectors and announces their private IP network prefixes and one or more transport IP addresses to reach that CE router. The BGP route reflector(s) reflect those IP network prefixes and the one or more transport IP addresses to reach that specific CE router to the other CE routers. The CE routers receive those reflected IP network prefixes and the corresponding transport IP address(es) to reach that CE router in which those IP network prefixes belong and register them in their corresponding routing/forwarding data structures. In this way, the CE routers learn how to reach each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for connecting multiple customer sites over a wide area network (WAN) using an overlay network is described. In one embodiment of the invention, each one of multiple customer edge (CE) routers establishes a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session with one or more BGP route reflectors and announces their private IP network prefixes and one or more transport IP addresses to reach that CE router. The BGP route reflector(s) reflect those IP network prefixes and the one or more transport IP addresses to reach that specific CE router to the other CE routers. The CE routers receive those reflected IP network prefixes and the corresponding transport IP address(es) to reach that CE router in which those IP network prefixes belong and register them in their corresponding routing/forwarding data structures. In this way, the CE routers learn how to reach each other.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for using virtual local area networks (VLANs) to facilitate packet forwarding between wireless endpoint devices attached to a wireless local area network (WLAN) access network and one or more mobile gateways providing access to packet data network services. For example, a wireless access gateway includes an upstream interface for a mobility tunnel to a mobile gateway of a mobile service provider network and a downstream interface for a WLAN access network. The wireless access gateway receives a packet from the mobile gateway by the upstream interface. The wireless access gateway determines, based at least on the mobility tunnel, a VLAN of the WLAN access network that is uniquely associated in the wireless access gateway with a combination of the APN associated with the mobility tunnel and the mobile gateway. The wireless access gateway then forwards, to a wireless endpoint device, the packet on the VLAN.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for steering data traffic for a subscriber session from a network interface of a wireless access gateway to an anchoring one of a plurality of forwarding units of the wireless access gateway using a layer 2 (L2) address of the data traffic. For example, a wireless access gateway for a wireless local area network (WLAN) access network is described as having a decentralized data plane that includes multiple forwarding units for implementing subscriber sessions. Each forwarding unit may present a network interface for sending and receiving network packets and includes packet processing capabilities to enable subscriber data packet processing to perform the functionality of the wireless access gateway. The techniques enable steering data traffic for a given subscriber session to a particular one of the forwarding units of the wireless access gateway using an L2 address of the data traffic.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described that facilitate scalable wholesale layer two (L2) connectivity between customers and service providers and a demarcation between the L2 wholesale network and one or more ISPs with which customers communicate L2 PDUs. In one example, a network device receives PDU having both a service identifier identifying a service virtual local area network (SVLAN) and a customer identifier identifying a customer VLAN (CVLAN). A virtual switch determines whether an entry of a L2 learning table is associated with both the service identifier and the customer identifier of the PDU. When no such entry exists, a VLAN learning module updates the L2 learning table to create a new entry that maps to a network device interface and is associated with both the service identifier of the PDU and a plurality of customer identifiers that includes the customer identifier of the PDU.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for selectively applying and reusing filters stored in a router. In one example, a method includes receiving a network access request from a first user. The method also includes selecting a candidate rule group associated with the packet flow, wherein the candidate rule group comprises one or more currently deployed rules of an existing rule group on the computing device that are currently installed within a forwarding plane and are being applied by the forwarding plane to network traffic associated with a second user. The method also includes installing a new rule group comprising the one or more currently deployed rules of the existing rule group and one or more new rules associated with the first user and not currently installed within a forwarding plane. The method also includes applying each rule of the new rule group to network traffic associated with the first user.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for handling errors in subscriber session management within mobile networks. A downstream mobile gateway comprising a forwarding unit and a service unit may implement the techniques. The forwarding unit receives a packet that includes a destination address for a subscriber and a tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID). The service unit determines whether the TEID is associated with one of a number of subscriber records that store session data for current sessions associated with subscriber devices to communicate with the mobile network. In response to determining that the TEID is not associated with one of the subscriber records, the service unit generates a message that includes the TEID and the destination address and indicates that the downstream mobile gateway has determined that the TEID is not associated with one of the subscriber records. The forwarding unit then sends the message to the upstream mobile gateway.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for connecting multiple customer sites over a wide area network (WAN) using an overlay network is described. In one embodiment of the invention, each one of multiple customer edge (CE) routers establishes a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session with one or more BGP route reflectors and announces their private IP network prefixes and one or more transport IP addresses to reach that CE router. The BGP route reflector(s) reflect those IP network prefixes and the one or more transport IP addresses to reach that specific CE router to the other CE routers. The CE routers receive those reflected IP network prefixes and the corresponding transport IP address(es) to reach that CE router in which those IP network prefixes belong and register them in their corresponding routing/forwarding data structures. In this way, the CE routers learn how to reach each other.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described that facilitate scalable wholesale layer two (L2) connectivity between customers and service providers and a demarcation between the L2 wholesale network and one or more ISPs with which customers communicate L2 PDUs. In one example, a network device receives PDU having both a service identifier identifying a service virtual local area network (SVLAN) and a customer identifier identifying a customer VLAN (CVLAN). A virtual switch determines whether an entry of a L2 learning table is associated with both the service identifier and the customer identifier of the PDU. When no such entry exists, a VLAN learning module updates the L2 learning table to create a new entry that maps to a network device interface and is associated with both the service identifier of the PDU and a plurality of customer identifiers that includes the customer identifier of the PDU.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for decentralizing handling of subscriber sessions within a gateway device of a mobile network. A mobile network gateway comprises a data plane having a plurality of forwarding components to receive session requests from a mobile service provider network in which the mobile network gateway resides. A control plane comprises a plurality of distributed subscriber management service units coupled by a switch fabric to the data plane. Each of the subscriber management service units serve as anchors for communication sessions for mobile devices that are accessing one or more packet data network by the mobile service provider network. A request delegation module within each of the forwarding components directs the session requests to the subscriber management service units unit to provide management services for the sessions requested by the mobile device.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for performing scalable layer two (L2) learning in computer networks. A network device that includes interfaces and a control unit may implement these techniques. The control unit stores a L2 learning table having entries that are each associated with a service tag identifying a service virtual local area network. In response to receiving a packet that includes a service tag, the interfaces access the L2 learning table using the service tag to determine whether any of the entries of the L2 learning table are associated with the service tag. When none of the entries are associated with the service tag, the L2 learning module updates the L2 learning table to create a new entry defining an association between the one of the interfaces that received the packet and the service tag.

Abstract: In general, the invention is directed to techniques for breaking out mobile data traffic from a mobile service provider network to a packet data network. For example, as described herein, a breakout gateway device (BGW) receives a first service request and data traffic for a data session associated with the requested service from a mobile device in a radio access network, wherein the first service request is addressed to a serving node of a mobile core network of the mobile service provider network, and wherein the data traffic is destined for the PDN. A control packet analysis module forwards the first service request from the breakout gateway device to the serving node. A breakout module of the BGW bypasses the serving node by sending the data traffic from the breakout gateway device to the PDN on a data path from the radio access network to the PDN.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for dynamically redirecting session requests received with a mobile network gateway to another gateway of the mobile network. Heterogeneous static and dynamic capabilities among gateways of the mobile network lead some gateways unable to service a particular session requested by a wireless device attached to the mobile network. A set of policies configured within the gateways by a mobile network operator and applied by the gateway enable the gateway to identify and offload session requests to another gateway of the mobile network that has the present capability to service the session. The policies may define conditions and actions to provide flexible routing of the user session to an appropriate gateway.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for selectively applying and reusing filters stored in a router. In one example, a method includes receiving a network access request from a first user. The method also includes selecting a candidate rule group associated with the packet flow, wherein the candidate rule group comprises one or more currently deployed rules of an existing rule group on the computing device that are currently installed within a forwarding plane and are being applied by the forwarding plane to network traffic associated with a second user. The method also includes installing a new rule group comprising the one or more currently deployed rules of the existing rule group and one or more new rules associated with the first user and not currently installed within a forwarding plane. The method also includes applying each rule of the new rule group to network traffic associated with the first user.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for decentralizing handling of subscriber sessions within a gateway device of a mobile network. A mobile network gateway comprises a data plane having a plurality of forwarding components to receive session requests from a mobile service provider network in which the mobile network gateway resides. A control plane comprises a plurality of distributed subscriber management service units coupled by a switch fabric to the data plane. Each of the subscriber management service units serve as anchors for communication sessions for mobile devices that are accessing one or more packet data network by the mobile service provider network. A request delegation module within each of the forwarding components directs the session requests to the subscriber management service units unit to provide management services for the sessions requested by the mobile device.