Abstract: A composition useful for protecting and/or repairing DNA from oxidative damages said composition comprising redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) having components benzoic acid, and hexanoic acid, with ammonia content of the composition ranging between 5-15 mg/L, and optionally along with anti-oxidants; and a method of protecting and/or repairing DNA from oxidative damages using composition of claim 1, said method comprising steps of estimating the amount of folded DNA in a sample, mixing the said composition to the said DNA either before or after the exposure of the DNA to the oxidatively DNA-damaging agent, and determining percentage folded DNA in the mixture showing protection and/or repair of DNA from oxidative damages.

Abstract: A composition useful for protecting and/or repairing DNA from oxidative damages said composition comprising redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) having components benzoic acid, and hexanoic acid, with ammonia content of the composition ranging between 5-15 mg/L, and optionally along with anti-oxidants; and a method of protecting and/or repairing DNA from oxidative damages using composition of claim 1, said method comprising steps of estimating the amount of folded DNA in a sample, mixing the said composition to the said DNA either before or after the exposure of the DNA to the oxidatively DNA-damaging agent, and determining percentage folded DNA in the mixture showing protection and/or repair of DNA from oxidative damages.

Abstract: This invention describes a set of methods and techniques that together address the deficiencies of the basic input/output system (BIOS) and the advanced basic input/output system (ABIOS) in the context of a pen-based portable computer while retaining much of its strengths in terms of providing an insulating layer between the hardware and the operating system such that the same operating system code body will execute in a variety of hardware platforms. In particular, the following deficiencies have been addressed. (a) A dual boot capability allowing the user to select, through a set-up procedure, either a conventional (DOS-style) booting procedure or a Penpoint-style booting procedure. (b) The capability to mast certain device characteristics from the operating system, defined as a callback mechanism. (c) A method for collecting and maintaining device state information of a device that could be disconnected or reconnected during the operating of the computer.

Abstract: A system and method for managing power in a portable, pen-based notebook computer. The system and method provides for minimizing power consumption by collecting and interpreting power related data of various processing elements while hiding many of the details from the end-user. The system monitors, collects, and acts upon power-related data in a portable computer to maximize the amount of time the portable computer can be used between battery re-charging with minimal user intervention. The system has a plurality of independently controllable power planes which are selectively powered so that the portable computer consumes the minimum power necessary to perform a particular function and a plurality of central processing units (CPUs) operating asynchronously with respect to each other.

Abstract: A provides a system and method for managing power in a portable, pen-based notebook computer. The system and method provides a means for minimizing power consumption by collecting and interpreting power related data of various processing elements while hiding many of the details from the end-user. The system monitors, collects, and acts, upon power-related data in a portable computer to maximize the amount of time the portable computer can be used between battery re-charging with minimal user intervention. The system has a plurality of independently controllable power planes and a plurality of central processing units (CPUs) operating asynchronously with respect to each other. The present invention is further comprised of an on/off glue logic means for monitoring battery condition, user invoked functions, and system state and a power management means for controlling the operation of each of the CPUs as a function of the conditions sensed by a sensing means.

Abstract: A digitizer tablet computer has a host processor connected to a service processor which, in turn, is connected to a digitizer controller and to a power subsystem microcontroller whereby primary control of a keyboard, a digitizer, and a power subsystem is off loaded from the host processor to the service processor. The host processor communicates with the service processor through an interface comprising a status register, an input buffer and an output buffer through which host commands and data are transferred. The digitizer produces coordinate data that is initially processed in the service processor before being passed on to the host processor. The host processor is interrupted to receive the processed data and executes in a tight loop until a predetermined amount of processed data is received.

Abstract: An architecture for the implementation of an information utility for accessing information and executing transactions on an interactive basis between Videotex databases and individual end user terminals, some or all of which may be remotely located with respect to each other. The utility may be associated with a Videotex Application Network (VAN) and includes a combination of distributed, semiautonomous Operations Nodes (ONs), each characterized by (1) one or more affiliated users, (2) the inclusion of some form of database, and (3) one or more customized application programs, and each is also capable of "standalone" operation. Each database comprises pages of control information and displayable data. Each node comprises a directory of databases at other nodes.

Abstract: A system or scheme for automatic detection of and recovery from transmission errors in the asynchronous communication mode at the data link level with complete transparency at the higher levels is disclosed wherein the transmissions are in the form of a sequence of data packets, and an improved combination of end-of-text (ETX) bytes along with checksums is used in each data packet to detect errors. The ETX character is dynamically selected for each packet after the data comprising the packet has been assembled. This character is coded differently from the remaining character codes in its respective packet and is made the second byte thereof following the start-of-text byte (STX). The third byte in each packet is made the complement of the preceding ETX byte, the latter of which is also made the last byte in the packet. Thus, the second and last bytes in each packet are identical, and different from all the other bytes, and the third byte is their complement.