Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of optionally foamed polyurethane plastics, particularly shaped articles, using certain denatured biomasses as reactive fillers. The fillers in question comprise biomasses based on microorganisms and the derivatives and decomposition products of microorganisms, particularly biologically purified sludges, which have been deodorized and irreversibly denatured by reaction with isocyanates and/or carbonyl compounds and compounds capable of aminoplast and/or phenoplast formation.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of an alkyl-substituted urea of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R', which may be the same or different, represents hydrogen or a saturated hydrocarbon radical, provided that at least one represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, comprising reacting, unpressurized, at from 110.degree. to 170.degree. C., urea with an amine having a boiling point, under normal pressure, at least 10.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of a mixture of various low molecular weight hydroxyaldehydes, hydroxyketones and polyhydric alcohols by the condensation of formaldehyde with itself. The essential feature of the improvement is that unpurified synthesis gases of the kind obtained from the large scale industrial production of formaldehyde can be used directly as the source of formaldehyde.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of dispersions of aminoplast condensates in organic polyhydroxyl compounds by the oligo-condensation or polycondensation of substances capable of aminoplast formation, in said organic polyhydroxyl compounds, the improvement wherein said dispersions are reacted at from about -5.degree. C. to about 180.degree. C. with an amine compound selected from the group consisting of:(a) organic aliphatic or cycloaliphatic mono or polyamines containing at least one primary or secondary amine group, and which are gaseous or liquid at room temperature, and(b) organic alkyl hydrazines containing at least one primary or secondary amine group and which are gaseous or liquid at room temperature.

Abstract: Formose solutions are hydrogenated in a batchwise alkaline two-stage catalytic process to produce low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for working up the distillation residue obtained in the commercial production of tolylene diisocyanate by grinding, optionally accompanied and/or followed by chemical modification reactions. The finely divided powder obtained may be used as a reactive filler in the production of a variety of plastics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable equilibrium mixtures of carbodiimides, uretone imines and organic isocyanates and to stable solutions of carbodiimides and uretone imines in polyisocyanates which are free from carbodiimide groups. Either the carbodiimide, or the uretone imine, or both, may contain isocyanate groups. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such products by "heterogeneous catalysis" and the use thereof for the production of polyurethane resins. According to one embodiment of the process according to the instant invention, individual isocyanates in a mixture of various isocyanates may be carbodiimidized selectively.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the production of highly elastic, open-celled foams containing urethane groups by reacting polyether polyols with modified polyisocyanates in the presence of cross-linking agents and water characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of 0.5 to 10 g/100 g of the polyether of a cross-linking mixture corresponding to the general formulaC.sub.n H.sub.2n+2 O.sub.nwherein n=2 to 10,which has a statistical average of at least four hydroxyl groups per molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agrochemical agents of products based on azulmic acids stabilized by reaction with aminoplast-forming agents and carbonyl compounds or condensation products thereof.

Abstract: A stable dispersion of an aminoplast which is obtained by a process which comprises condensing ammonia hydrazine or an organic compound having a molecular weight of from about 50 to about 400 and which contains at least two groups selected from the group consisting of --NH.sub.2 and --NH-- with benzoquinone or a compound of the formula R--CO--R' in which R and R' stand for the same or different radicals selected from the group consisting of hydrogen C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups which may carry chlorine substituents, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl groups, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl groups, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 aralkyl groups, C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group and semi-acetals obtained by reacting said carbonyl compounds with monohydric or dihydric aliphatic alcohols having one to ten carbon atoms in an organic polyhydroxyl compound having a molecular weight of from about 250 to about 14000 as the reaction medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new azulmic acids stabilized by reaction with aminoplast-forming agents and carbonyl compounds or condensation products thereof, to a process for their preparation and to their use for various purposes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a finely divided, stable and relatively low viscosity dispersion of a polyisocyanate polyaddition product and an aminoplast and/or phenoplast and/or copolymer thereof in a hydroxyl containing compound and the use of such a dispersion as the starting component for the production of a polyurethane resin.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenating formose solutions in the presence of metal catalysts comprising(a) introducing an at least 20% solution of formose, of which the pH-value was adjusted before hydrogenation to a value of from 7.5 to 12.5, in batches into a first reactor in a manner such that the content of reducible groups, determined as carbonyl groups, in the reactor does not exceed a level of 2% by weight;(b) hydrogenating the solution in batches in the presence of a total quantity of a first catalyst of from 10.sup.-4 to 5.10.sup.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of formose by the condensation of aqueous formaldehyde. In the process according to this invention, tertiary amines which contain an electrophilic hetero atom in the .beta.-position to the tertiary nitrogen atom are used for controlling the pH instead of the inorganic bases which have previously been used for this purpose.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with a novel transparent polyurethane polyurea which is particularly suitable for lamination to glass and glasslike transparent plastics. The polymer is the reaction product of high molecular weight diols, optionally low molecular weight diols, dihydroxy carboxylic acids, diisocyanates with only aliphatically and cycloaliphatically bound isocyanates and organic diamines having aliphatically and cycloaliphatically bound primary amino groups. It has specified contents of carboxyl groups and urea groups, and it has a minimum shear modulus at both 20.degree. and 60.degree. C.The present disclosure is also concerned with a process for synthesizing such polymers. A preferred method is to react the diisocyanate and hydroxyl bearing compounds to prepare an isocyanate terminated prepolymer and chain extend with the diamine.

Abstract: Azulmic acids, stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, said modified azulmic acids containing from 0.5 to 55 percent by weight of ionic groups of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen, ammonium, one equivalent of a protonated or quaternized organic nitrogen base or of a sulphonium cation or one equivalent of a metal cation,and containing from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of groups formed by decarboxylation reaction of the formula ##STR2## and acid addition salts and complex compounds of these stabilized azulmic acids, and also mixed products of these stabilized azulmic acids with additives can be used as agrochemicals. The products are particularly useful as fertilizers and as soil improving agents.

Abstract: Azulmic acids, stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, said modified azulmic acids containing from 0.5 to 55 percent by weight of ionic groups of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen, ammonium, one equivalent of a protonated or quaternized organic nitrogen base or of a sulphonium cation or one equivalent of a metal cation, and containing from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of groups formed by decarboxylation reaction of the formula ##STR2## and acid addition salts and complex compounds of these stabilized azulmic acids, and also mixed products of these stabilized azulmic acids with additives can be used as agrochemicals. The products are particularly useful as fertilizers and as soil improving agents.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to aminomethyl cyclododecanes selected from the group consisting of aminomethyl cyclododecanes, bis-(aminomethyl)-cyclododecanes, tris-(aminomethyl)-cyclododecanes and mixtures thereof. The invention is also directed to a process for producing aminomethyl cyclododecanes, bis-(aminomethyl)-cyclododecanes, tris-(aminomethyl)-cyclododecanes, and mixtures thereof comprising reacting cyclododeca-1,5,9-triene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium-containing catalyst at temperatures of from 80.degree. to 180.degree. C. and under pressures of from 30 to 900 bars, separating the catalyst off from the hydroformylation product and treating the hydroformylation products with hydrogen at from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. in the presence of ammonia and a hydrogenation catalyst, optionally after separating by distillation into the individual components.

Abstract: Compounds having a melting point above 40.degree. C. which compounds contain uretone imine groups and which are substantially free from volatile isocyanate blocking agents which are split off under stoving conditions are excellent crosslinking agents for pulverulent coating compositions based on hydroxyl groups-containing polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new organic heterocyclic isocyanate which is the reaction product of an organic diisocyanate and an amino or hydroxy nitrile. The invention also relates to a process of producing such isocyanates by reacting an excess of the diisocyanate with the nitrile under conditions under which the nitrile will not decompose and then maintaining the reaction mixture at an elevated temperature until the isocyanate nitrile adduct cyclizes. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst for isocyanate addition reactions. Additionally, the invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane by the reaction of the heterocyclic isocyanates with compounds carrying at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms per molecule.