Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture-compressing internal-combustion engine with secondary-air injection and with air-mass measurement as well as with an injection valve sequential fuel injection and air assistance, the air line provided for air assistance being equipped with a shut-off valve opening in the starting and the warmup phase of the internal-combustion engine.

Abstract: A measuring device that is moved corresponding to the amount of medium flowing through a housing is provided for measuring the flow rate of a gaseous or liquid medium through the housing. The displacement of the measuring device represents a measurement of the amount of medium flowing through the housing and during the displacement of which, a movable part of a control valve is adjusted for metering a control medium volume that is proportional to the flow of medium in the housing. The measuring means is pivotably mounted at an upstream end to the housing and, at a downstream end, rests against the wall of the housing in its closed position. In order to provide an arrangement that is simple to manufacture and is not susceptible to momentary disturbances and which records the measured values exactly, the measuring means comprises a concavely shaped leaf spring which interacts with the flow of medium.

Abstract: A cylinder casing for use in internal combustion engines having a reciprocating piston is provided having strip-shaped hardened zones along the inner wall of the cylinder which are disposed in such a manner as to impart rotational movement to piston rings relative to the piston sliding within that cylinder.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for air-compressing internal combustion engines, especially a throttle-pin nozzle wherein a nozzle needle, urged against a conical valve seat by a compressing spring, is lifted with respect to the compression spring by a feed pressure in the fuel. A device is provided for rotating the nozzle needle about its longitudinal axis. The device for effecting rotation is arranged between the nozzle needle and a spring disk and is fashioned in such a way and controlled by a stroke motion of the nozzle needle in such a manner that the nozzle needle, during each closing stroke, is further rotated stepwise in one direction by a specific peripheral angle.

Abstract: A choke pin nozzle for diesel engines in which the choke pin is arranged on a nozzle needle. The nozzle needle is axially guided in a fitted bore in a nozzle body and is braced, through a separate spring plate, on a helicoidal compression spring disposed in a spring chamber or cavity of the nozzle. The spring plate is formed as a component of an intermediate piston which is connected on the nozzle side and guided axially with a seal in a portion of the nozzle. An escape or discharge bore is provided in the intermediate nozzle with the bore opening into the spring cavity. The piston is of a smaller diameter than the nozzle needle. The intermediate piston includes a bearing face which is cooperable with an upper sealing surface of the nozzle needle. A guide bore of the intermediate piston is widened in a stroke zone of the bearing face at least to a diameter of the fitted bore in which the nozzle needle is axially guided.