Abstract: Compositions comprising Type I clathrates of silicon (Si46) or carbon (C46) wherein the framework of the cage structure includes nitrogen and carbon or nitrogen and silicon or nitrogen-silicon-carbon atom type composition, with or without guest atoms in their respective cage structures. The clathrate structures are particularly useful for energy storage applications such as battery electrodes.

Abstract: A composition comprising a Type 1 clathrate of silicon having a Si46 framework cage structure wherein the silicon atoms on said framework are at least partially substituted by carbon atoms, said composition represented by the formula CySi46-y with 1?y?45. The composition of may include one or more guest atoms A within the cage structure represented by the formula AxCySi46-y wherein A=H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca. Sr, Ba, Ra, Eu, Cl, Br, or I or any metal or metalloid element and x is the number of said guest atoms within said cage structure.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Type I clathrates of silicon (Si46) or carbon (C46) wherein the framework of the cage structure includes nitrogen and carbon or nitrogen and silicon or nitrogen-silicon-carbon atom type composition, with or without guest atoms in their respective cage structures. The clathrate structures are particularly useful for energy storage applications such as battery electrodes.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Type I clathrates of silicon (Si46) or carbon (C46) wherein the framework of the cage structure includes nitrogen and carbon or nitrogen and silicon or nitrogen-silicon-carbon atom type composition, with or without guest atoms in their respective cage structures. The clathrate structures are particularly useful for energy storage applications such as battery electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of facilitating bone growth. The method may include positioning a device around at least a portion of a bone exhibiting a defect, the device capable of retaining bone segments and micro-structured particles. The method may also include applying micro-structure particles within the device to the defect, wherein each of the micro-structure particles include at least one pore therein. In addition, the method may include aligning at least a portion of the micro-structure particles and applying a polymer to the particles and solidifying the polymer.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at clathrate (Type I) allotropes of silicon, germanium and tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods for forming clathrate allotropes of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Type I clathrates of silicon (Si46) or carbon (C46) wherein the framework of the cage structure includes nitrogen and carbon or nitrogen and silicon or nitrogen-silicon-carbon atom type composition, with or without guest atoms in their respective cage structures. The clathrate structures are particularly useful for energy storage applications such as battery electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at an electrode and methods for forming such electrode for a battery wherein the electrode comprises silicon clathrate. The silicon clathrate may include silicon clathrate Si46 containing an arrangement of 20-atom and 24-atom cages fused together through 5 atom pentagonal rings and/or silicon clathrate Si34 containing an arrangement of 20-atom and 28-atom cages fused together through 5 atom pentagonal rings. The silicon clathrate may be present as particles having a largest linear dimension in the range of 0.1 ?m to 100.0 ?m.

Abstract: A composition comprising a Type 1 clathrate of silicon having a Si46 framework cage structure wherein the silicon atoms on said framework are at least partially substituted by carbon atoms, said composition represented by the formula CySi46-y with 1?y?45. The composition of may include one or more guest atoms A within the cage structure represented by the formula AxCySi46-y wherein A=H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca. Sr, Ba, Ra, Eu, Cl, Br, or I or any metal or metalloid element and x is the number of said guest atoms within said cage structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at an electrode for a battery wherein the electrode comprises clathrate alloys of silicon, germanium or tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods of forming clathrate alloys of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at clathrate (Type I) allotropes of silicon, germanium and tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods for forming clathrate allotropes of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at clathrate (Type I) allotropes of silicon, germanium and tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods for forming clathrate allotropes of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at an electrode for a battery wherein the electrode comprises clathrate alloys of silicon, germanium or tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods of forming clathrate alloys of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at clathrate (Type I) allotropes of silicon, germanium and tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods for forming clathrate allotropes of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to corrosion resistance coatings suitable for elevated temperature applications, which employ compositions of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and/or aluminum (Al). The compositions may be configured to regulate the diffusion of metals between a coating and a substrate, which may then influence coating performance, via the formation of an inter-diffusion barrier layer. The inter-diffusion barrier layer may comprise a face-centered cubic phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at an electrode and methods for forming such electrode for a battery wherein the electrode comprises silicon clathrate. The silicon clathrate may include silicon clathrate Si46 containing an arrangement of 20-atom and 24-atom cages fused together through 5 atom pentagonal rings and/or silicon clathrate Si34 containing an arrangement of 20-atom and 28-atom cages fused together through 5 atom pentagonal rings. The silicon clathrate may be present as particles having a largest linear dimension in the range of 0.1 ?m to 100.0 ?m.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of facilitating bone growth. The method may include positioning a device around at least a portion of a bone exhibiting a defect, the device capable of retaining bone segments and micro-structured particles. The method may also include applying micro-structure particles within the device to the defect, wherein each of the micro-structure particles include at least one pore therein. In addition, the method may include aligning at least a portion of the micro-structure particles and applying a polymer to the particles and solidifying the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to corrosion resistance coatings suitable for elevated temperature applications, which employ compositions of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and/or aluminum (Al). The compositions may be configured to regulate the diffusion of metals between a coating and a substrate, which may then influence coating performance, via the formation of an inter-diffusion barrier layer. The inter-diffusion barrier layer may comprise a face-centered cubic phase.