Abstract: A method of reinforcement learning of a neural network device for generating a verification vector for verifying a circuit design comprising a circuit block includes inputting a test vector to the circuit block, generating one or more rewards based on a coverage corresponding to the test vector, the coverage being determined based on a state transition of the circuit block based on the test vector, and applying the one or more rewards to a reinforcement learning.

Abstract: Provided are a system and method for hierarchical message transmission between devices in a network environment including heterogeneous networks. The system is for hierarchical message transmission between devices in a heterogeneous network environment in which a plurality of sub-networks including at least one device and having different characteristics are configured in the form of a hierarchical tree with respect to a super-network. Aggregators for collecting and transferring device information on the devices to another network, the super-network, or the sub-networks are prepared in the super-network and sub-networks. Each of the devices includes an application service interface, a plurality of network adapters, a network manager, an address mapping and storage unit, and a message manager.

Abstract: A universal plug and play quality of service (UPnP QoS) network system and a method of reserving a path and resource thereof are provided. In order to set a path from a source device to a target device and to clearly control reservation of network resources for setting the path, the UPnP QoS network system includes: one or more UPnP QoS execution devices collecting and providing network status information and performing QoS for a service requested by reserving network resources based on path information and resource reservation information; and one or more UPnP QoS management devices acquiring and providing the path information and the resource reservation information to the UPnP QoS execution device by considering a QoS rank for the requested service and the network status information provided by the UPnP QoS execution device.

Abstract: A method of estimating a geometric error between a linear axis and a rotary axis in a multi-axis machine tool is provided, the method including creating a circular path under the control of one or more drive axes and measuring a radial error of the circular path using a ball bar, defining the relationship between position-dependent geometric error parameters and position-independent geometric error parameters and measured data using an error synthesis model and an equation of a ball bar, defining a linear equation with unknown position-independent geometric error parameters by removing higher order terms of the position-dependent geometric error parameters and position-independent geometric error parameters, and obtaining the position-independent geometric error parameters through least squares from the linear equation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to switching operation frequency modulation for reducing an output voltage ripple. The present invention uses a ripple of an input voltage so as to modulate a switching operation frequency of a switch mode power supply. A sensing voltage corresponding to the input voltage is received, a current ripple that is proportional to a difference between a peak value of the sensing voltage and the sensing voltage is generated, and a modulation control signal that is variable by the current ripple is generated. The present invention modulates a switching frequency by using an oscillator signal that is variable by the modulation control signal, and reduces the output voltage ripple.

Abstract: A switched-mode power supply includes a soft-burst circuit to minimize or prevent distracting audible noise. The power supply includes a control circuit for controlling switching of an output transistor to deliver a regulated output voltage to a load. The control circuit adjusts the operating frequency of the power supply based on a control signal. The soft-burst circuit discharges a storage device to minimize or prevent audible noise when the control signal reaches a particular level.

Abstract: Disclosed are a bioactive protein-calcium phosphate ceramic composite for surface modification of a substrate for use as a substitute in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, and a preparation method thereof. The bioactive protein-calcium phosphate ceramic composite is prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of calcium phosphate and a protein, and impregnating the calcium phosphate and the protein in the resulting aqueous solution to co-precipitate them on a substrate, such as metals, ceramics and polymers, wherein the substrate is patterned, and different proteins are impregnated in at least two regions of the patterned regions.

Abstract: A bridge for heterogeneous QoS networks is provided. The bridge comprises an UPnP QoS processing unit, a bridge function unit and at least two of network drive drivers. The UPnP QoS processing unit collects connection information connected through the networks and QoS requirement information thereof through an UPnP QoS structure. The bridge function unit establishes and releases connection by allocating resources based on the collected connection information and QoS requirement information, and performs a bridging operation according to connection information of a received frame. At least two of network device drivers are physically connected to the networks.

Abstract: Provided is a home network connection management system using UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) and VLAN (Virtual LAN) multicast. The home network connection management system includes a UPnP-VLAN interfacing section for receiving requests of registration of VLAN and multicast addresses from a UPnP device in response to connection establishment commands from a connection manager, a VLAN managing section for registering the VLAN and multicast addresses in a VLAN mapping table according to connection establishment request from the UPnP device through the UPnP-VLAN interfacing section, the VLAN mapping table for matching and storing the VLAN and multicast addresses under the control of the VLAN managing section, and an Ethernet device driver for retrieving the VLAN and multicast addresses from the VLAN mapping table in response to TCP/IP data from an outside, forming the received TCP/IP data into VLAN frames, and transmitting the VLAN frames.