Abstract: Titanium alloy that is formed by subjecting titanium alloy to a treatment containing a hydrogen storing step for making the titanium alloy store hydrogen therein, a solution-treatment step for heating the titanium alloy having the hydrogen stored therein in the hydrogen storage step to apply a solution treatment to the hydrogen-stored titanium alloy, a cooling step for cooling the heated hydrogen-stored titanium alloy to develop martensitic transformation in the hydrogen-stored titanium alloy, a hot rolling step for heating the martensitic-transformed titanium alloy to a temperature which is not more than a predetermined transformation point and hot-rolling the martensitic-transformed titanium, and a dehydrogenation step for dehydrogenating the hot-rolled titanium alloy, thereby bringing the titanium alloy with the superplastic property.

Abstract: Titanium alloy that is formed by subjecting titanium alloy to a treatment containing a hydrogen storing step for making the titanium alloy store hydrogen therein, a solution-treatment step for heating the titanium alloy having the hydrogen stored therein in the hydrogen storage step to apply a solution treatment to the hydrogen-stored titanium alloy, a cooling step for cooling the heated hydrogen-stored titanium alloy to develop martensitic transformation in the hydrogen-stored titanium alloy, a hot rolling step for heating the martensitic-transformed titanium alloy to a temperature which is not more than a predetermined transformation point and hot-rolling the martensitic-transformed titanium, and a dehydrogenation step for dehydrogenating the hot-rolled titanium alloy, thereby bringing the titanium alloy with the superplastic property.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy for a vehicle has the composition including, by weight %, 0.5% or less of Fe, 0.2% or less of Mn, Si, and Cu with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities, wherein dendrite arm spacing is 45 ?m or less, and a size of an intermetallic compound is 150 ?m or less.

Abstract: A frame member for use in a two-wheeled vehicle and an all-terrain vehicle that includes a plurality of Al members each made of a 7000 series Al alloy having a high strength is provided in which weld crack sensitivity is reduced and a weld joint having an excellent strength is provided. The alloy composition of the 7000 series Al alloy, which provides the Al member, containing Cu: 0.01 to 0.50%, Mg: 0.5 to 2.1%, and Zn: 4.0 to 8.5%, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. Further, in the production of the frame member, the plurality of Al members are integrated by welding using a filler metal containing Mg: 5.5 to 8.0%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.25% or less, Si: 0.4% or less, Fe: 0.4% or less, Cu: 0.1% or less, Zr: 0.05% or less and Zn: 0.25% or less, and with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A frame member for use in a two-wheeled vehicle and an all-terrain vehicle that includes a plurality of Al members each made of a 7000 series Al alloy having a high strength is provided in which weld crack sensitivity is reduced and a weld joint having an excellent strength is provided. The alloy composition of the 7000 series Al alloy, which provides the Al member, contains Cu: 0.01 to 0.50%, Mg: 0.5 to 2.1%, and Zn: 4.0 to 8.5%, the balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities. Further, in the production of the frame member, the plurality of Al members is integrated by welding using a filler metal containing Mg: 5.5 to 8.0%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.25% or less, Si: 0.4% or less, Fe: 0.4% or less, Cu: 0.1% or less, Zr: 0.05% or less and Zn: 0.25% or less, and the balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: An exhaust control valve has a valve housing and a valve body rotatably contained within the valve housing. The valve body cooperates with the valve housing for controlling the flow of exhaust gas. A transmission member rotationally drives a valve shaft of the valve body. The valve body is formed in a cylindrical shape and coaxially with an axis line of the valve shaft. The valve body and the valve shaft are made from a one-piece body by casting. This arrangement provides an exhaust control valve for an engine having a valve body that provides excellent sealing properties, demonstrates high response to driving torque and is easy to manufacture through casting.

Abstract: In an exhaust control valve having a valve housing and a valve body rotatably contained in the valve housing, a transmission member is fitted to an outer end of the valve shaft and protrudes from the outside of the valve housing. A bearing bushing for rotatably bearing an external circumferential surface of the valve shaft by its internal circumferential surface and rotatably bearing an end face of the valve body by its end face is mounted in the valve housing. The valve body is urged by load from a thrust spring for achieving a pressure contact seal condition between the opposed end faces of the bearing bush and the valve body.

Abstract: A brake disk having a disk body formed of a titanium alloy, and inner and outer friction members formed of a stainless steel and bonded to opposite surfaces of the disk body by a brazing method is disclosed. The friction members can be simply bonded to the opposite surfaces of the disk body in a manner that provides a lightweight brake disk while simultaneously suppressing cost.

Abstract: A brake disk having a disk body formed of a titanium alloy, and inner and outer friction members formed of a stainless steel and bonded to opposite surfaces of the disk body by a brazing method is disclosed. The friction members can be simply bonded to the opposite surfaces of the disk body in a manner that provides a lightweight brake disk while simultaneously suppressing cost.

Abstract: In an exhaust control valve having a valve housing and a valve body rotatably contained in the valve housing, a transmission member is fitted to an outer end of the valve shaft and protrudes from the outside of the valve housing. A bearing bushing for rotatably bearing an external circumferential surface of the valve shaft by its internal circumferential surface and rotatably bearing an end face of the valve body by its end face is mounted in the valve housing. The valve body is urged by load from a thrust spring for achieving a pressure contact seal condition between the opposed end faces of the bearing bush and the valve body.

Abstract: An exhaust control valve has a valve housing and a valve body rotatably contained within the valve housing. The valve body cooperates with the valve housing for controlling the flow of exhaust gas. A transmission member rotationally drives a valve shaft of the valve body. The valve body is formed in a cylindrical shape and coaxially with an axis line of the valve shaft. The valve body and the valve shaft are made from a one-piece body by casting. This arrangement provides an exhaust control valve for an engine having a valve body that provides excellent sealing properties, demonstrates high response to driving torque and is easy to manufacture through casting.

Abstract: Modern brake rotors require enhanced resistance to thermal stress in order to withstand vigorous operating conditions. A brake rotor manufactured from (.alpha.+.beta.) titanium alloy will fulfill the thermal stress requirements when an equiaxed grain structure is imposed on the alloy. The equiaxed grains can preferably range from 300 .mu.m to 3 mm in size. The equiaxed grain structure is attained by heat treating the brake rotor at the .beta. phase transformation temperature, followed by quenching. When Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is used to form the brake rotor, .beta. phase transformation temperature is 1000.degree. C. the heat treatment temperature range is 986-1200.degree. C. The preferable heat treatment for Ti-6Al-4V alloy is 1050.degree. C. for 2 hours.

Abstract: A raw material for powder metallurgy contains at least 0.5 vol % and at most 10 vol % of alumina powder of which the sieve fraction with a sieve opening of 30 .mu.m is at most 0.1 wt %, and a remaining part of aluminum alloy powder. The moisture content of the alumina powder is at most 0.15 wt. % with respect to the alumina powder. Agglomeration of particles is thereby minimized or avoided. Highly reliable raw material for powder metallurgy having superior fatigue strength, impact resistance and wear resistance can be obtained. A method of preparing such a mixed powder raw material involves air classifying the powder materials, dry ball mixing the materials, and then annealing the mixed powder.

Abstract: A brake rotor in which deformation against thermal stress is reduced, thereby preventing a surface layer from being cracked or peeled upon operation of the brake rotor at a high temperature. A titanium alloy is heat-treated at a .beta. phase transformation temperature and is quenched, so that grains of the alloy are equiaxed up to sizes ranging from 300 .mu.m to 4 mm, whereby deformation against thermal stress is significantly improved.

Abstract: A copper series sintered friction material is provided including a foundation constituted by copper alloy powder and containing hard phases and solid lubricant components dispersed uniformly, and exhibits a friction coefficient of 0.3 or more stably without seizure when the sintered friction material frictionally slides against titanium or a titanium alloy in the atmosphere, the foundation containing at least one additive element selected from Zn, Ni, Al, Fe, and Mo.

Abstract: A sintered friction material having excellent high-temperature strength, heat-resistance, abrasion-resistance and .mu. characteristic, and capable of maintaining high friction coefficient stably is provided. The sintered friction material contains a foundation of titanium and/or titanium alloy powder, a solid lubricant and a fiber of hard material. The sintered friction material having the foundation of titanium and/or titanium alloy powder as the base is lined and joined onto a holder plate to form a friction pad suitable for use with a brake rotor made of titanium or titanium alloy.

Abstract: An adaptive equalizer includes a multiplier for multiplying, by corrective data, an output signal from a filter unit for compensating for a signal distortion to which input digital data are subjected, a decision unit for estimating and outputting symbols of output data from the multiplier, a subtractor for subtracting an output signal of the decision unit from the output data from the multiplier, multipliers for inversely correcting the output signals from the decision unit and the subtractor which are corrected by the multiplier, a coefficient updating unit for updating the coefficients of the filter unit based on an output signal from the multiplier which inversely corrects the output signal from the subtractor, and a frequency offset estimating unit for estimating corrective data based on a frequency offset on the basis of the output signal from the multiplier which inversely corrects the output signal from the subtractor, and using the estimated corrective data as corrective data for the multiplier which