Abstract: Discussed are a light-emitting device and a light-emitting display device having improved efficiency and increased lifespan. A plurality of stacks is provided between an anode and a cathode for at least a subpixel to emit a predetermined color, and emissive layers in different stacks include the same color-based materials having different luminous properties.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes an active pattern extending in a first horizontal direction, a plurality of lower nanosheets stacked on the active pattern and spaced apart from one another in a vertical direction, a separation layer on the plurality of lower nanosheets, a plurality of upper nanosheets stacked on the separation layer and spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction, a gate electrode extending on the active pattern in a second horizontal direction, the gate electrode surrounding each of the plurality of lower nanosheets, the separation layer and the plurality of upper nano sheets, and a first conductive layer between the gate electrode and each of a top surface and a bottom surface of the plurality of upper nanosheets. The first conductive layer is not between the gate electrode and sidewalls of the plurality of upper nanosheets.

Abstract: An inverse design system is configured to design a pattern of a structure in an image sensor. The inverse design system may include; a CPU, a RAM loading a controllable Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN), wherein the cGAN is executable by the CPU to generate an image of the structure corresponding to a target characteristic, and an I/O interface receiving a training data set used to train the cGAN, communicating the training data set to the CPU, and outputting the image generated by the cGAN. The cGAN includes a generator generating a fake image of the structure, a discriminator determining whether the fake image is fake or real, and a classifier classifying a class label associated with the fake image and corresponding to the target characteristic.

Abstract: A system and a method of draining residual water of a fuel cell for a vehicle are proposed. The system includes a fuel cell; an outdoor temperature sensor measuring an outdoor temperature; a drainer draining residual water in the fuel cell; and a controller previously controlling the drainer to drain the residual water in the fuel cell before parking of the vehicle is completed or an operation of the fuel cell is terminated, when a parking available situation is detected during driving of the vehicle in a state where the outdoor temperature is equal to or less than a reference temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-fuel cell system and control method thereof in which when a plurality of fuel cell units electrically connected to each other, each including a fuel cell, an air compressor, and a humidifier, is cold-started, a first fuel cell unit, one of the plurality of fuel cell units, generates power in a defrost mode, an air compressor of a second fuel cell unit, another fuel cell unit, is driven by providing the power generated by the first fuel cell unit to the second fuel cell unit, and the first fuel cell unit generates power in a heating mode and the second fuel cell unit generates power in the defrost mode when the defrosting of the first fuel cell unit is completed.

Abstract: A system and method designing a metalens including nanostructures and a spacer layer between the nanostructures. The method includes; selecting a design area in relation to a width of the nanostructure and a pitch of the nanostructure, setting a search route in the design area in a direction in which a phase decreases, calculating transmittance at a reference point on the search route and change points near the reference point along the search route, determining the width of the nanostructure and the pitch of the nanostructure, generating a phase map corresponding to the width of the nanostructure and the pitch of the nanostructure, extracting an extracted width of the nanostructure and an extracted pitch of the nanostructure having a target phase from the phase map, and placing the nanostructure having the extracted width and extracted pitch in relation to the metalens corresponding to the target phase.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling hydrogen purging are provided. The hydrogen purging control apparatus includes a purge valve that is disposed at an outlet on an anode side of a fuel cell stack and is configured to adjust an amount of emission of hydrogen containing impurities. Additionally, a controller is configured to adjust an opening and closing cycle of the purge valve based on a required output or an output current of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: A fuel cell temperature control apparatus includes: a driver propensity determination processor that determines a driver's propensity while a vehicle travels; a temperature control factor decision processor that determines a temperature control factor based on an ambient temperature and the driver's propensity to control the temperature of the fuel cell; and a storage that stores driver propensity determination information determined by the driver propensity determination processor.

Abstract: A method and a system for controlling hydrogen supply for a fuel cell are provided. The method includes calculating a target hydrogen supply pressure, which is a target pressure value of hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell stack based on a required output. A fuel supply valve (FSV) duty is then adjusted based on the calculated target hydrogen supply pressure and modes are determined based on the FSV duty or actual hydrogen supply pressure measurements of a sensor. A hydrogen supply pressure measurement is calculated according to each of the determined modes and the FSV duty is corrected based on the calculated target hydrogen supply pressure and the hydrogen supply pressure measurement.

Abstract: A restarting system, a controller, and a restarting method for a fuel cell vehicle are provided. The restarting system includes a consumption resistor connected in parallel to a high voltage line that connects between a fuel cell and a high voltage battery and a relay that adjusts the connection between the consumption resistor and the high voltage line. A controller operates the relay and when a shutdown request signal of the vehicle is input, charges the high voltage battery with residual generated power of the fuel cell or connects the relay to the consumption resistor to consume the residual generated power as the consumption resistance. When a starting request signal of the vehicle is input, the controller is reset when an output voltage of the fuel cell is reduced to be equal to or less than a required voltage and then output a starting permission signal of the vehicle.

Abstract: A low flow control method for a fuel cell includes: determining whether or not the fuel cell enters a low flow control mode, dividing a low flow control operation into a plurality of low flow control stages upon determining that the fuel cell enters the low flow control mode, and controlling a power generation quantity of the fuel cell according to the low flow control stages.

Abstract: An external power supply system of a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The system includes a fuel cell and a high voltage battery that is connected to the fuel cell via a main bus terminal A charging/discharging unit executes charging or discharging of the high voltage battery. A power supply line is branched from the main bus terminal and connected to a load outside the vehicle to supply power of the fuel cell or the high voltage battery to the load outside the vehicle. A controller operates the fuel cell and the charging/discharging unit based on a magnitude in power supplied to the load outside the vehicle and a state of charge (SOC) of the high voltage battery.

Abstract: A system for controlling a state of charge (SOC) of a battery includes a battery SOC control apparatus for controlling a revolution per minute (RPM) of an air blower based on the SOC of the battery and a number of charge/discharge cycles of the battery in a case where a vehicle is in a constant current driving state, and a memory device for storing the SOC of the battery calculated by the battery SOC control apparatus.

Abstract: A condensate water drain control system for a fuel cell includes; a fuel cell stack configured to generate electric power through a chemical reaction of fuel, a fuel supply line configured to recirculate fuel drained from the fuel cell stack or supply fuel supplied from a fuel tank to the fuel cell stack, a water trap provided at the fuel supply line and configured to store condensate water generated in the fuel cell stack, a drain valve provided at an outlet of the water trap and configured to be opened or closed to allow or block drainage of the condensate water stored in the water trap, and a controller configured to control the drain valve to be closed on the basis of a state of supplying fuel to the fuel cell stack through the fuel supply line in a state of the drain valve is opened.

Abstract: An external power supply system of a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The system includes a fuel cell and a high voltage battery that is connected to the fuel cell via a main bus terminal A charging/discharging unit executes charging or discharging of the high voltage battery. A power supply line is branched from the main bus terminal and connected to a load outside the vehicle to supply power of the fuel cell or the high voltage battery to the load outside the vehicle. A controller operates the fuel cell and the charging/discharging unit based on a magnitude in power supplied to the load outside the vehicle and a state of charge (SOC) of the high voltage battery.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling hydrogen purging are provided. The hydrogen purging control apparatus includes a purge valve that is disposed at an outlet on an anode side of a fuel cell stack and is configured to adjust an amount of emission of hydrogen containing impurities. Additionally, a controller is configured to adjust an opening and closing cycle of the purge valve based on a required output or an output current of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling hydrogen purging are provided. The hydrogen purging control apparatus includes a purge valve that is disposed at an outlet on an anode side of a fuel cell stack and is configured to adjust an amount of emission of hydrogen containing impurities. Additionally, a controller is configured to adjust an opening and closing cycle of the purge valve based on a required output or an output current of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: An integrated fuel cell control system is provided. The integrated fuel cell control system includes at least one sensor, at least one hydrogen on/off valve, and a fuel control unit (FCU). The FCU is configured to directly operate the at least one sensor and the at least one hydrogen on/off valve in real time and to determine a supply pressure of hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell. Thereby, noise between controllers may be removed and costs may be reduced.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling charging of a low-voltage battery are provided. The method includes determining a state of charge of the low-voltage battery of a vehicle based on a voltage of the low-voltage battery and determining a state of charge of the low-voltage battery based on a magnitude of consumed power of a low-voltage direct current (DC) converter (LDC) providing charged power to the low-voltage battery during a period in which vehicle start-up is performed. A charged voltage of the low-voltage battery is then set based on a determination result of the state of charge of the low-voltage battery.

Abstract: A low flow control method for a fuel cell includes: determining whether or not the fuel cell enters a low flow control mode, dividing a low flow control operation into a plurality of low flow control stages upon determining that the fuel cell enters the low flow control mode, and controlling a power generation quantity of the fuel cell according to the low flow control stages.