Abstract: As inputs of a controller of a direct current (DC)-DC converter are sampled for a predetermined time and thus two-dimensional state information in which one axis is an input physical quantity and the other axis is a time is generated, the two-dimensional state information is processed by a convolutional neural network to determine and output one of a plurality of control signals. An artificial intelligence control part may operate in accordance with a plurality of operation conditions or dynamically determined operation conditions by applying different artificial intelligence engines according to operation modes.

Abstract: Provided is a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) apparatus for an energy harvesting system and an MPPT control method. A count value of the time for an output voltage of a direct current (DC)-DC converter to reach a high reference voltage is used to change and output a control parameter of the DC-DC converter for maximum power.

Abstract: A current sensor automatically adjusting an offset voltage, includes an input corrector, upon receiving a first voltage, a second voltage, and a control signal, configured to correct either one or both of the first voltage and the second voltage to reduce an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage based on the control signal, and output a correction result; an input amplifier configured to amplify a voltage output from the input corrector; an output amplifier configured to generate an output voltage when a voltage amplified by the input amplifier is input; a controller including a switch connected to one of voltages amplified by the input amplifier to be grounded when a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is larger than a first threshold value; and a correction circuit controller configured to generate the control signal to input to the input corrector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power supply apparatus including a DC-DC converter implemented as one integrated circuit. A duty of a switching pulse of a DC-DC conversion unit is controlled according to a phase difference between a feedback clock signal and a reference clock signal having a frequency proportional to an output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit. The duty of the switching pulse may be controlled from an output of a charge pump to be charged and discharged according to the phase difference signal between the feedback clock signal and the reference clock signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for a power supply, and particularly, a buck-boost DC-DC converter which is advantageous for energy harvesting from a low voltage. An LC resonant unit generates a pair of clock type signals having phases opposite to each other from an input signal. These signals are supplied to the clock input terminals of the Dickson charge pumps connected in series and converted into power signals having an amplified voltage so as to match the rated input specification of the buck-boost DC-DC converter of a post-stage.

Abstract: A current sensor automatically adjusting an offset voltage, includes an input corrector, upon receiving a first voltage, a second voltage, and a control signal, configured to correct either one or both of the first voltage and the second voltage to reduce an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage based on the control signal, and output a correction result; an input amplifier configured to amplify a voltage output from the input corrector; an output amplifier configured to generate an output voltage when a voltage amplified by the input amplifier is input; a controller including a switch connected to one of voltages amplified by the input amplifier to be grounded when a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is larger than a first threshold value; and a correction circuit controller configured to generate the control signal to input to the input corrector.

Abstract: As inputs of a controller of a direct current (DC)-DC converter are sampled for a predetermined time and thus two-dimensional state information in which one axis is an input physical quantity and the other axis is a time is generated, the two-dimensional state information is processed by a convolutional neural network to determine and output one of a plurality of control signals. An artificial intelligence control part may operate in accordance with a plurality of operation conditions or dynamically determined operation conditions by applying different artificial intelligence engines according to operation modes.

Abstract: Provided is a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) apparatus for an energy harvesting system and an MPPT control method. A count value of the time for an output voltage of a direct current (DC)-DC converter to reach a high reference voltage is used to change and output a control parameter of the DC-DC converter for maximum power.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power supply apparatus including a DC-DC converter implemented as one integrated circuit. A duty of a switching pulse of a DC-DC conversion unit is controlled according to a phase difference between a feedback clock signal and a reference clock signal having a frequency proportional to an output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit. The duty of the switching pulse may be controlled from an output of a charge pump to be charged and discharged according to the phase difference signal between the feedback clock signal and the reference clock signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for a power supply, and particularly, a buck-boost DC-DC converter which is advantageous for energy harvesting from a low voltage. An LC resonant unit generates a pair of clock type signals having phases opposite to each other from an input signal. These signals are supplied to the clock input terminals of the Dickson charge pumps connected in series and converted into power signals having an amplified voltage so as to match the rated input specification of the buck-boost DC-DC converter of a post-stage.

Abstract: X-ray detecting devices and apparatus for analyzing a sample using the same are disclosed. A disclosed X-ray detecting device has an X-ray detector to detect X-rays emitted from a sample. The X-ray detector includes a collimator to collimate the X-rays, an electron trap to remove electrons included in the collimated X-rays, a window to transmit the X-rays and defining an interior space of the X-ray detector, a crystal to receive the X-rays which pass through the window and to generate a corresponding electric current, a field effect transistor to generate a signal in response to the electric current, and a vacuum pump to create a vacuum within the interior of the X-ray detector containing the field effect transistor and the crystal to suppress noise associated with at least one of the crystal and/or the field effect transistor.

Abstract: X-ray detecting devices and apparatus for analyzing a sample using the same are disclosed. A disclosed X-ray detecting device has an X-ray detector to detect X-rays emitted from a sample. The X-ray detector includes a collimator to collimate the X-rays, an electron trap to remove electrons included in the collimated X-rays, a window to transmit the X-rays and defining an interior space of the X-ray detector, a crystal to receive the X-rays which pass through the window and to generate a corresponding electric current, a field effect transistor to generate a signal in response to the electric current, and a vacuum pump to create a vacuum within the interior of the X-ray detector containing the field effect transistor and the crystal to suppress noise associated with at least one of the crystal and/or the field effect transistor.