Abstract: A multitasking method of changing a state of an application changed to a background program of a lower priority to a freeze state which is a sleep mode or execute the application continuously in an unfreeze state which is an operation mode according to identification information, an activation state, etc. of the corresponding application to perform a multitasking operation and an electronic device therefor are provided. The method includes changing a first application program to a background program of a lower priority and executing a second application program as a foreground program of a higher priority and determining whether to change a state of the first application program changed to the background program to a freeze state which is a sleep mode or execute the first application program continuously in an unfreeze state which is an operation mode according to identification information of the first application program.

Abstract: An antibiotic composition including erythorbyl laurate as an active ingredient and a use thereof are disclosed. Erythorbyl laurate is confirmed to have antibiotic effects on Gram-positive bacteria and thus is used as an antibiotic agent in foods, cosmetics, feeds, and the like and utilized in the form of a hand cleaner and other medicines for external application.

Abstract: The present description relates to a BAN (Body Area Network) wireless communication control method, and more particularly, to a BAN wireless communication control method to which a selective discovery technique is applied. The present invention provides a BAN wireless communication control method, comprising the steps of transmitting a discovery request frame including a selective standard profile, and receiving a discovery response frame from a host that provides at least one of services specified in the selective standard profile.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an in situ-forming, bioadhesive hydrogel and the medical uses thereof. Being formed by in situ crosslinking through an enzymatic reaction, the hydrogel has an advantage over conventional bioadhesive hydrogels in terms of biocompatibility. In addition, the in situ-forming bioadhesive hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and mechanical strength and has excellent tissue adhesiveness thanks to modification with/without dopa derivatives. The hydrogel finds a variety of applications in the biomedical field, including bioadhesives or hemostats, implant substances for tissue regeneration and augmentation, carriers for delivering biologically active materials or drugs, etc.

Abstract: A thin film transistor, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device having the same are disclosed. The thin film transistor includes a semiconductor layer formed on a substrate, a gate insulating layer formed on the substrate including the semiconductor layer, a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating above the semiconductor layer, source and drain electrodes connected to the semiconductor layer, and 3.5 to 4.5 protrusions formed on the semiconductor layer overlapped with the gate electrode. Malfunction of the thin film transistor and inferior image quality of the display device can be prevented by adjusting the number of protrusions to minimize leakage current and defects.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a first thin film transistor (TFT) and a second TFT which are disposed in a display area. A first signal transmission line is disposed in a peripheral area surrounding the display area and is electrically connected to the first TFT. A second signal transmission line adjacent to the first signal transmission line is electrically connected to the second TFT. In a first portion of the peripheral area, the first signal transmission line is parallel to the second signal transmission line and is spaced by a first gap from the second signal transmission line. In a second portion of the peripheral area, the first signal transmission line is parallel to the second signal transmission line and is spaced by a second gap from and the second signal transmission line. The second gap is greater than the first gap. Other features are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and a control method thereof which reduce emission of nitrogen oxide (NOx) by bypassing high-temperature exhaust gas to a front end of a selective catalytic reduction. Accordingly, some embodiments of the present disclosure have been made to solve one or more of the aforementioned problems, and some embodiments of the present disclosure increase a reducing rate of nitrogen oxide by controlling a flow of exhaust gas by changing a structure of an exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and the control method thereof according to the present disclosure may increase a reducing rate of nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas after-treatment method including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus having improved durability and an exhaust gas after-treatment method, which selectively determine to operate a selective catalyst reducing part and an ammonia oxidation catalyst (AOC) part on the basis of a generated amount and a rate of change of a nitrogen compound (NOx) in exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a handover report message in a wireless communication system is provided. A first eNodeB (eNB) serves a first cell which is a coverage hole compensating cell between a source cell and a second cell, and a user equipment (UE) is moving from the source cell to the second cell through the first cell. The first eNB performs a handover procedure for a user equipment (UE) with a source eNB serving the source cell, receives a radio link failure (RLF) indication message from a second eNB serving the second cell, and transmits a handover report message to the source eNB, the handover report message including an indicator which informs the radio link failure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a handover report message in a wireless communication system is provided. In a heterogeneous network (HetNet) intra long term evolution (LTE) failure case, an eNodeB (eNB) performs a handover procedure for a user equipment (UE) with a source eNB, and receives a radio link failure (RLF) indication message. The eNB transmits a handover report message to the source eNB, the handover report message including UE history information element (IE) of the UE.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for indicating a handover in a wireless communication system is provided. A mobile relay node (RN) receives an indication which indicates that there is no eNB supporting relay within neighbor cells from a donor eNodeB (cNB) serving the mobile relay node, and transmits a handover command message to user equipments (UEs).

Abstract: An electronic device configured to perform a function of booting an operating system by a bootloader which boots the operating system by loading the bootloader on a memory, a method of performing the same function, and a storage medium. The electronic device includes: a first memory including a boot partition region for storing at least one piece of bootloader data including the function of booting the operating system, and a user partition region for copying and storing at least some bootloader data among entire bootloader data stored in the boot partition region; and a controller that loads initial program loader data stored in the boot partition region of the first memory to a second memory to execute the loaded initial program loader data, and loads the at least some bootloader data copied in the user partition region of the first memory to the second memory and executes the loaded bootloader data according to execution of the initial program loader data.

Abstract: An method of fabricating an organic electroluminescent device includes forming a switching element and a driving element connected to the switching element on a substrate in a pixel region, forming an overcoat layer on the switching element and the driving element, forming a contact layer on the overcoat layer, wherein the contact layer is made of one of molybdenum and indium tin oxide, forming a cathode on the contact layer, the cathode connected to the driving element through the contact layer, forming an emitting layer on the cathode, and forming an anode on the emitting layer.

Abstract: The present description relates to a cache based ZigBee network discovery method. A first service profile that specifies a service selected by a user is generated, and it is determined whether previously stored ZigBee network related information includes information about a service providing network that provides the service specified by the first service profile. A first network discovery procedure is performed when it is determined that the previously stored ZigBee network related information does not include the information about the service providing network, and a second network discovery procedure is carried out when it is determined that the previously stored ZigBee network related information includes at least one piece of information about the service providing network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for releasing delay tolerant access user equipments (UEs) in a wireless communication system is provided. An eNodeB (eNB) receives an overload message or a user equipment (UE) context release command message including a request for releasing the delay tolerant access UEs from a mobility management entity (MME), releases the delay tolerant access UEs based on the overload message or the UE context release command message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a list of bearers in a wireless communication system is provided. A first eNodeB (eNB) of an energy saving cell configures a list of minimum required evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) radio access bearers (E-RABs) or required E-RABs, and transmits the configured list of minimum required E-RABs or a required E-RABs to a second eNB of a compensation cell. Upon receiving the configured list of minimum required E-RABs, the second eNB checks whether the compensation cell is able to provide all E-RABs included in the list of minimum required E-RABs or not. Upon receiving the configured list of required E-RABs, the second eNB checks whether the compensation cell is able to provide E-RABs included in the list of required E-RABs or not.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for avoiding a short stay problem in a wireless communication system is provided. An eNodeB (eNB) may determine a ratio of a number of short stay user equipments (UEs), which stay at a cell shorter than specific threshold time, to total number of UEs staying at the cell, and transmit the ratio of the number of short stay UEs to the total number of UEs to a previous eNB. Or, the eNB may receive measurement information of at least one second cell from a UE, determine whether the UE can be connected to the at least one second cell, and notify a second eNB whether the UE can be connected to the at least one second cell or not.

Abstract: The present description relates to a BAN (Body Area Network) wireless communication control method, and more particularly, to a BAN wireless communication control method to which a selective discovery technique is applied. The present invention provides a BAN wireless communication control method, comprising the steps of transmitting a discovery request frame including a selective standard profile, and receiving a discovery response frame from a host that provides at least one of services specified in the selective standard profile.

Abstract: Disclosed are in situ-forming injectable hydrogel and medical uses thereof. In the in situ-forming injectable hydrogel two or more homogeneous or heterogeneous polymers are bonded to each other by a dehydrogenation reaction between phenol or aniline moieties on adjacent polymers, wherein a polymer backbone is grafted with a phenol or aniline moiety using a linker. In contrast to conventional hydrogel, the in situ-forming injectable hydrogel is superior in terms of in vivo stability and mechanical strength thanks to the introduction of a water-soluble polymer as a linker which leads to an improvement in the reactivity of phenol or aniline moieties. Having the advantage of superior bio stability and mechanical strength, the hydrogel finds a variety of applications in the biomedical field.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selecting a mobility management entity (MME) in a wireless communication system including a mobile relay node is provided. A donor eNodeB (DeNB) receives a mobile relay indicator from the mobile relay node during a radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure, receives a mobile relay support indication from an MME supporting the mobile relay node during an S1 setup procedure between the MME and the DeNB, and selects the MME supporting the mobile relay node among a plurality of MMEs.