Abstract: The present disclosure provides autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor compounds and compositions including said compounds. The present disclosure also provides methods of using said compounds and compositions for inhibiting ATX. Also provided are methods of preparing said compounds and compositions, and synthetic precursors of said compounds.

Abstract: This invention is predicated on applicants' discovery that a highly oriented nanoconductor structure alone does not guarantee efficient field emission. To the contrary, the conventional densely populated, highly oriented structures actually yield relatively poor field emission characteristics. Applicants have determined that the individual nanoconductors in conventional assemblies are so closely spaced that they shield each other from effective field concentration at the ends, thus diminishing the driving force for efficient electron emission. In accordance with the invention, an improved field emitting nanoconductors assembly (a “low density nanoconductor assembly”) comprises an array of nanoconductors which are highly aligned but spaced from each other no closer than 10% of the height of the nanoconductors. In this way, the field strength at the ends will be at least 50% of the maximal field concentration possible.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, an improved conductive nanostructure assembly comprises an array of metallized nanostructures disposed on a conductive substrate. The substrate can also be metallized. Such assemblies provide continuous electron transport from the substrate to the tips of the nanostructures. Several ways of making such assemblies are described along with several devices employing the assemblies.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, nanoscale connectors particularly useful for connecting microscale devices comprise free-standing nanoscale conductors. The nanoscale conductors are conveniently fabricated in sets of controlled, preferably equal length by providing a removable substrate, growing conductive nanotubes or nanowires on the substrate, equalizing the length of the nanoscale conductors, and removing the substrate. Preferably the removable substrate is soluble, leaving a collection of free standing nanoscale connectors in suspension or solution.