Abstract: Exemplary methodology, procedure, system, method and computer-accessible medium can be provided for authenticating a non-digital medium of a physical object, by receiving at least one image of video of at least one marked or unmarked region, and comparing the first microscopic image or video of at least one marked or unmarked region with at least one second microscopic image or video relating to the non-digital medium to determine if a similarity between the first and second microscopic images or videos matches or exceeds a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An exemplary lens arrangement can be provided that includes a plurality of lenses configured to provide a field of view (FOV) of between about 9 mm×6 mm to about 15 mm×12 mm, a resolution at at least one edge of the lenses of between about 40 lp/mm to about 100 lp/mm, and a distortion between about 0.1% to about 1%.

Abstract: Exemplary systems, methods and computer-accessible mediums can receive information comprising a first speckle pattern(s) associated with a portion(s) of the paper. The information can be generated by an optical arrangement, and the first speckle pattern(s) can be compared with a second speckle pattern(s) to determine if a similarity measure based on local or global descriptors is of equal to a predetermined amount or within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Systems and method for sending a first alphacode to a first participant over a secure channel. Sending a second alphacode to a second participant over a secure channel. Receiving a first encoded message, a second encoded message, and a plaintext message. The first encoded message is based on the first alphacode and the second encoded message is based on the second alphacode. Generating a first ciphertext based on the first alphacode and the plaintext message. Comparing the first ciphertext to the first encoded message and determining the authenticity of the first encoded message based at least on the comparing to the first ciphertext. Comparing the second ciphertext to the second encoded message and determining the authenticity of the second encoded message based at least on the comparing to the second ciphertext. Sending a first confirmation to the first participant and sending a second confirmation to the second participant.

Abstract: A method for classifying a microscopic image includes receiving a training dataset (306) including at least one microscopic image (305) from a physical object (303) and an associated class definition (304) for the image that is based on a product specification. Machine learning classifiers are trained to classify the image into classes (308). The microscopic image (305) is used as a test input for the classifiers to classify the image into one or more classes based on the product specification. The product specification includes a name of a brand, a product line, or other details on a label of the physical object.

Abstract: An exemplary lens arrangement can be provided that includes a plurality of lenses configured to provide a field of view (FOV) of between about 9 mm×6 mm to about 15 mm×12 mm, a resolution at at least one edge of the lenses of between about 40 lp/mm to about 100 lp/mm, and a distortion between about 0.1% to about 1%.

Abstract: Systems and method for sending a first alphacode to a first participant over a secure channel. Sending a second alphacode to a second participant over a secure channel. Receiving a first encoded message, a second encoded message, and a plaintext message. The first encoded message is based on the first alphacode and the second encoded message is based on the second alphacode. Generating a first ciphertext based on the first alphacode and the plaintext message. Comparing the first ciphertext to the first encoded message and determining the authenticity of the first encoded message based at least on the comparing to the first ciphertext. Comparing the second ciphertext to the second encoded message and determining the authenticity of the second encoded message based at least on the comparing to the second ciphertext. Sending a first confirmation to the first participant and sending a second confirmation to the second participant.

Abstract: Exemplary methodology, procedure, system, method and computer-accessible medium can be provided for authenticating a non-digital medium of a physical object, by receiving at least one image of video of at least one marked or unmarked region, and comparing the first microscopic image or video of at least one marked or unmarked region with at least one second microscopic image or video relating to the non-digital medium to determine if a similarity between the first and second microscopic images or videos matches or exceeds a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An exemplary methodology, procedure, system, method and computer-accessible medium can be provided for authenticating a portion of a non-digital medium for a document, by receiving at least one image of at least one first marked portion of the non-digital medium for the document, extracting at least one first speckle pattern of the at least one first marked portion, and comparing the first speckle pattern of the at least one first marked portion with at least one second speckle pattern relating to the non-digital medium to determine if a similarity between the first and second speckle patterns equals or exceeds a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An exemplary methodology, procedure, system, method and computer-accessible medium can be provided for authenticating a portion of a non-digital medium for a document, by receiving at least one image of at least one first marked portion of the non-digital medium for the document, extracting at least one first speckle pattern of the at least one first marked portion, and comparing the first speckle pattern of the at least one first marked portion with at least one second speckle pattern relating to the non-digital medium to determine if a similarity between the first and second speckle patterns equals or exceeds a predetermined amount.

Abstract: In accordance with an aspect of the invention, a method and system are disclosed for constructing an embedded signature in order to facilitate post-facto detection of leakage of sensitive data. The leakage detection mechanism involves: 1) identifying at least one set of words in an electronic document containing sensitive data, the set of words having a low frequency of occurrence in a first collection of electronic documents; and, 2) transmitting a query to search a second collection of electronic documents for any electronic document that contains the set of words having a low frequency of occurrence.

Abstract: A system and methodologies are disclosed for determining the geographic location of an Internet host. A first method infers host location based on the DNS names of the host of interest or other nearby network nodes. A second method employs network delay measurements from geographically distributed locations to triangulate the coordinates of the host. A third method couples partial host-to-location mapping information obtained from one or more sources with BGP or other routing information in order to infer location of the host of interest.

Abstract: In accordance with an aspect of the invention, leakage prevention is implemented by: a) associating—within a network—a unique identifier with a packet transmitted by a process which has previously accessed data containing sensitive information, and b) searching a packet before it exits a network for the unique identifier. This mechanism provides a strong guarantee against leakage of sensitive data out of a network by facilitating the monitoring of packets which potentially contain the sensitive information. The unique identifier may be located in the header of the packet, which is detectable without requiring a heavy investment of network resources. Additionally, a packet's movement within a network may be tracked by analyzing trapped system calls. Furthermore, an exiting packet may be analyzed by a network firewall, the firewall utilizing various policies to determine how to proceed when a packet containing a unique identifier is located.

Abstract: In accordance with an aspect of the invention, a method and system are disclosed for constructing an embedded signature in order to facilitate post-facto detection of leakage of sensitive data. The leakage detection mechanism involves: 1) identifying at least one set of words in an electronic document containing sensitive data, the set of words having a low frequency of occurrence in a first collection of electronic documents; and, 2) transmitting a query to search a second collection of electronic documents for any electronic document that contains the set of words having a low frequency of occurrence.

Abstract: A system and methodologies are disclosed for determining the geographic location of an Internet host. A first method infers host location based on the DNS names of the host of interest or other nearby network nodes. A second method employs network delay measurements from geographically distributed locations to triangulate the coordinates of the host. A third method couples partial host-to-location mapping information obtained from one or more sources with BGP or other routing information in order to infer location of the host of interest.

Abstract: A system and methodologies are disclosed for determining the geographic location of an Internet host. A first method infers host location based on the DNS names of the host of interest or other nearby network nodes. A second method employs network delay measurements from geographically distributed locations to triangulate the coordinates of the host. A third method couples partial host-to-location mapping information obtained from one or more sources with BGP or other routing information in order to infer location of the host of interest.