Abstract: An encoding apparatus encodes image data using a picture order count (POC) that indicates a display order of a picture. The encoding apparatus includes a remainder calculating unit that calculates a remainder by dividing an absolute frame number counted from an instantaneous decoding refresh (IDR) picture by a divisor which is a number of reference frames in one POC cycle, and a remainder code converting unit that coverts the remainder calculated by the remainder calculating unit into a code. A decoding apparatus decodes image data using the POC. The decoding apparatus includes a remainder extracting unit that, when random access decoding is performed, extracts a remainder by decoding a remainder code added to a picture at a random decoding start position, and an initializing unit that initializes an input value of a decoding process for the POC, by using the remainder extracted by the remainder extracting unit.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus encodes image data using a picture order count (POC) that indicates a display order of a picture. The encoding apparatus includes a remainder calculating unit that calculates a remainder by dividing an absolute frame number counted from an instantaneous decoding refresh (IDR) picture by a divisor which is a number of reference frames in one POC cycle, and a remainder code converting unit that coverts the remainder calculated by the remainder calculating unit into a code. A decoding apparatus decodes image data using the POC. The decoding apparatus includes a remainder extracting unit that, when random access decoding is performed, extracts a remainder by decoding a remainder code added to a picture at a random decoding start position, and an initializing unit that initializes an input value of a decoding process for the POC, by using the remainder extracted by the remainder extracting unit.