Abstract: Expandable load bearing device for use on a ladder and comprising an outer member (20), an inner member (21) movable within the outer member, and ratchet means having a pawl (26) attachable to the outer member and a rack (22) attachable to the inner member, the pawl being movable into and out of engagement with the rack to prevent the movement of the inner member towards the outer member, and the pawl having a shoulder (36d) arranged to bear upon a load transfer member (24) on the outer member when the pawl is in engagement with the rack.

Abstract: A stabiliser for a ladder which enables the ladder to be safely used on sloping or uneven ground consists of spring loaded telescopic struts attached to the bottom of the ladder which are capable of compound rotary motion so that they can be opened to the required length and locked in position.

Abstract: A ladder levelling device which is simply operated by person's foot, embodying stile extender (7) either inserted into hollow stile (1) or removably attached to side of solid stiles of ladders or stepladders. Consisting of outer fixed housing, internal telescopic extender (7) and ratched mechanism, with teeth (20) in the extender (7) engaging with teeth (23) attached to an arm (21) which can rock about a pivot (4) in the housing to disengage the opposing teeth (20). A roller (15) or low friction device attached to the arm (21) between the teeth (23) and the pivot (4) disengages the teeth (23) during extending to reduce wear. A cam (12) attached either directly or indirectly to the opposing end of the arm (21) enables retraction and acts as safety device that prevents movement in either direction. A foot (30) is attached to base of expander by a spindle (31b) which allows limited universal movement and is capable of being locked in position.