Abstract: A tapered padded sleeve is provided for each of the front legs of an animal, such as a dog. The sleeves extend over the dog's shoulders and a harness on the dog's back connects the sleeves together and supports the arrangement from the animal's back. The sleeves are padded and act to the protect the animal's front elbows during recovery from elbow callus pyoderma or bursitis or keep the animal's elbows from dehairing.

Abstract: Synthesis of phosphonate monoesters, as well as the use of such monoesters as substrates for enzymes which normally hydrolyze phosphodiester linkages, and a method for distinguishing between Type I and Type II phosphodiesterase enzymes using such monoesters as substrates are disclosed herein. Monoesters of phosphonic acids are prepared by the displacement of chloride from an appropriate phosphonic acid dichloride by a phenol or alcohol with pyridine as the solvent, reacting the same and then removing the solvent, after which the remaining ester chloride and dichloride are hydrolyzed by addition of water. The acid and ester are then separated and the acid-free ester is taken up in a polar organic solvent and precipitated as a salt by the addition of aqueous base, with the product then being filtered, washed with fresh acetone, dried and then stored until needed.

Abstract: Proteins such as enzymes are noncovalently immobilized by treating a hydrophilic support material having hydroxyl or amino groups with an acid chloride of a hydrophobic acid such as phenoxyacetyl chloride and to the resultant hydrophobic support material adsorbing a protein.