Abstract: A clearing system for clearing transactions associated with a plurality of accounts, the clearing system being configured to organise the plurality of accounts in at least three independent structures comprising a member structure, a user access structure and a risk calculation structure. The clearing system may further be configured to organise a plurality of members clearing through the clearing system and a plurality of users using the clearing system in a tree structure independent from said three independent structures.

Abstract: In a method and a system for executing automated matching of financial instruments, an order book of the automated trading system in which orders are placed is interconnected with a position-keeping system or module. This is done in a way such that a controlling unit connected to both the order book and the position-keeping system can cancel orders in the order book, if, when an order is traded, insufficient collateral remains for any remaining order in the order book to be covered if traded. The methods and systems can advantageously be used in automated trading systems having a central counterpart.

Abstract: A microfluidic device having a plurality of microchannel structures and a memory. The memory may be writeable with restriction for unauthorized access. Yet further, the memory can be information about positions of non-redundant or redundant microchannel, information relating to positions for interfacing the microchannel structures with the macroworld, or supplemental information relating to process protocols that are allowed for the microchannel structures of the device.

Abstract: A microfluidic device having a plurality of microchannel structures and a memory. The memory may be writeable with restriction for unauthorized access. Yet further, the memory can be information about positions of non-redundant or redundant microchannel, information relating to positions for interfacing the microchannel structures with the macroworld, or supplemental information relating to process protocols that are allowed for the microchannel structures of the device.

Abstract: A method of producing a package for storing and/or shipping material, and particularly pulverized material such as coffee, provides producing an inner container for placing therein the material by folding flexible sheet material so as to form a substantially rectangular shape and securing the folded edges to each other by adhesion. The so-obtained inner container is inserted into an outer container of similar shape and attached to the inner wall surface of the outer container. One side of the inner container can be conveniently cut open for removal of material and the outer container has on its side adjacent to the side of the inner container which is intended to be opened a closure member which can be opened to provide access to the inner container and can be closed again.

Abstract: There is disclosed a package or wrapping for powderized material such as ground coffee. The package consists of a substantially rigid outer container and an inner liner or liner made of plastic or other pliable material. The goods to be packaged are placed in the inner liner, the shape of which is so that it substantially fits the container when filled. The container has on one side an opening which can be closed by a cover and the inner liner when placed in the container has on its side facing the container opening a flat closure. The liner may be secured to the container along a flange adjacent to the container opening.

Abstract: In order to control the peripheral speed of a rotating object, such as a grinding wheel, the current of the motor driving the grinding wheel is periodically integrated during a deceleration and an acceleration to obtain a composite signal from the integrator which reflects the necessary change in speed due to the decrease in diameter of the grinding wheel, which correction signal is combined with a signal representing a control input for a maximum size and supplied to the controller for the grinding wheel motor.

Abstract: A firm container is fed with a plastic material which surrounds the firm container along a portion of its length. The firm container has an open end which is closed off by a pair of welding jaws which welds the plastic material together and forms the bottom of a container that holds a pulverized material. Pulverized material is then fed to the bottom of the container and after feeding is over, the plastic material is allowed to fall from the firm container by moving a support table downwardly. After the support table has moved downwardly a certain distance, the welding jaws are operated again and weld a new piece of plastic material to the open end of the firm container, thus forming a bottom for a new container and closing off the top of the previously-made container. A piston is provided within the firm container for compressing the pulverized material fed into the interior of the firm container.

Abstract: There is disclosed a package or wrapping for powderized material such as ground coffee. The package consists of a substantially rigid outer casing and an inner container or liner made of plastic or other flexible material. The goods to be packaged are placed in the inner container, the shape of which is so that it substantially fits the casing when filled. The casing has on one side an opening which can be closed by a cover and the inner container when placed in the casing has on its side facing the casing opening a flat closure. The container is secured to the casing along its edges adjacent to the container opening. The fastening is of the type which can be ruptured, for instance, by means of a tear strip secured to the material of which the container closure is formed.