Abstract: A multi-layer coating for protection of metals and alloys against oxidation at high temperatures in general is provided. The invention utilizes a multi-layer ceramic coating on metals or alloys for increased oxidation-resistance, comprising at least two layers, wherein the first layer (3) which faces the metal containing surface and the second layer facing the surrounding atmosphere (4) both comprise an oxide, and wherein the first layer (3) has a tracer diffusion coefficient for cations Mm+, where M is the scale forming element of the alloy, and the second layer (4) has a tracer diffusion coefficient for oxygen ions O2? satisfying the following formula: wherein p(O2)m is the oxygen partial pressure in equilibrium between the metallic sub-strate and MaOb, p(O2)ex is the oxygen partial pressure in the reaction atmosphere, DM is the tracer diffusion coefficient of the metal cations Mm+ in the first layer (3), and Do is O tracer diffusion coefficient in the second layer (4).

Abstract: A system is disclosed for processing billable activities. The system includes a scheduling component configured to support creation of a plurality of activity records. A sub-set of the activity records are designated as being associated with billable activity. The system also includes an accounting component for receiving information based on the sub-set of the activity records. The information is transmitted from the scheduling component to the accounting component.

Abstract: A data transaction system allows performing a transaction related to a data unit, where the data unit can be independently saved and retrieved, from an upper layer to a storage layer without causing a database deadlock related to the data unit in the storage layer. The data transaction system uses a first stage for transferring the data unit from the upper layer to the storage layer, and a second stage to save the transferred data unit independent of the upper layer. The data transaction system guarantees data consistency in applications using multiple layer architecture and at the same time avoiding cost and inefficiencies related to a database deadlock scenario.

Abstract: A strip product consists of a metallic substrate, such as stainless steel, and a coating, which in turn comprises at least one metallic layer and one reactive layer. The coated strip product is produced by providing the different layers, preferably by coating, and thereafter oxidizing the coating to accomplish a conductive surface layer comprising perovskite and/or spinel structure.

Abstract: A fuel cell component, such as an interconnect for solid oxide fuel cells, consists of a metallic substrate, such as stainless steel, and a coating, which in turn comprises at least one metallic layer and one reactive layer. The fuel cell component is produced by providing the different layers, preferably by coating, and thereafter oxidising to accomplish a conductive surface layer comprising a complex metal oxide structure.

Abstract: A data transaction system allows performing a transaction related to a data unit, where the data unit can be independently saved and retrieved, from an upper layer to a storage layer without causing a database deadlock related to the data unit in the storage layer. The data transaction system uses a first stage for transferring the data unit from the upper layer to the storage layer, and a second stage to save the transferred data unit independent of the upper layer. The data transaction system guarantees data consistency in applications using multiple layer architecture and at the same time avoiding cost and inefficiencies related to a database deadlock scenario.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for processing billable activities. The system includes a scheduling component configured to support creation of a plurality of activity records. A sub-set of the activity records are designated as being associated with billable activity. The system also includes an accounting component for receiving information based on the sub-set of the activity records. The information is transmitted from the scheduling component to the accounting component.