Abstract: The invention relates to a method of determining a tip-to-tower clearance of a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a wind turbine tower, where a distance sensor unit is arranged on at least one wind turbine blade of the wind turbine and comprises at least a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the method comprises the steps of: transmitting a signal from the distance sensor unit toward the wind turbine tower, measuring a signal reflected from the wind turbine tower, determining a distance between the wind turbine tower and the at least one wind turbine blade based on the transmitted signal and the reflected signal, wherein the method further comprises the step of correcting the measured distance based on at least one of an actual pitch angle and a deflection angle of the at least one wind turbine blade at the location of the distance sensor unit.

Abstract: The tile cladding system having a mounting plate and a number of tile elements. Each tile element has a front side adapted to face away from a building surface and a back side adapted to be connected to a front side of the mounting plate. The front side of the mounting plate and the back side of each tile element are provided with a number of protrusions and/or indentations in such a way that protrusions may fit into indentations in order to form a snap-fit or friction fit connection. The mounting plate have such a configuration that the mounting plate is able to bend.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus, system and method for heating a fluid chamber. Devices for heating a fluid chamber, in which a temperature sensitive or temperature-initiated chemical reaction takes place, typically comprise a heater and a temperature sensor. A heater device heats a fluid container which is separable from the heater device. The device comprises one or more substrates each forming a surface of a receiving location for the fluid container. A first heater is disposed on a surface of a substrate in thermal communication with a second heat transfer surface and is spaced apart from the first heat transfer surface. A first temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the first heater and a second temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the second heater. The device is configured to conform to the shape of the fluid container such that the first and the second heat transfer surfaces come into contact with the fluid container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus, system and method for heating a fluid chamber. Devices for heating a fluid chamber, in which a temperature sensitive or temperature-initiated chemical reaction takes place, typically comprise a heater and a temperature sensor. A heater device heats a fluid container which is separable from the heater device. The device comprises one or more substrates each forming a surface of a receiving location for the fluid container. A first heater is disposed on a surface of a substrate in thermal communication with a first heat transfer surface within the receiving location. A second heater is disposed on a surface of a substrate in thermal communication with a second heat transfer surface and is spaced apart from the first heat transfer surface. A first temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the first heater and a second temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the second heater.

Abstract: A method, device and system employs particles, such as nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause cell death in target cells by non-thermal means. The method of causing targeted cell death comprises the steps of: introducing a particle to the interior of a target cell and exposing the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a sufficient time interval in order to cause cell death. Apparatus for performing the method; as well as techniques of delivering particles and for producing particles are also described.

Abstract: A method, device and system employs particles, such as nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause cell death in target cells by non-thermal means. The method of causing targeted cell death comprises the steps of: introducing a particle to the interior of a target cell and exposing the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a sufficient time interval in order to cause cell death. The invention overcomes problems associated with similar methods as a result of the fact that a smaller electric field is applied because the particle enhances the effect of the electric field in its immediate vicinity, so reducing the field strength needed to achieve cell lysis and thereby reducing the risk of damage to healthy cells that may be in its vicinity. Apparatus for performing the method; as well as techniques of delivering particles and for producing particles are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus, system and method for heating a fluid chamber. Devices for heating a fluid chamber, in which a temperature sensitive or temperature-initiated chemical reaction takes place, typically comprise a heater and a temperature sensor. A heater device heats a fluid container which is separable from the heater device. The device comprises one or more substrates each forming a surface of a receiving location for the fluid container. A first heater is disposed on a surface of a substrate in thermal communication with a first heat transfer surface within the receiving location. A second heater is disposed on a surface of a substrate in thermal communication with a second heat transfer surface and is spaced apart from the first heat transfer surface. A first temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the first heater and a second temperature sensor is in thermal communication with the second heater.

Abstract: A method, device and system employs particles, such as nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause cell death in target cells by non-thermal means. The method of causing targeted cell death comprises the steps of: introducing a particle to the interior of a target cell and exposing the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a sufficient time interval in order to cause cell death. The invention overcomes problems associated with similar methods as a result of the fact that a smaller electric field is applied because the particle enhances the effect of the electric field in its immediate vicinity, so reducing the field strength needed to achieve cell lysis and thereby reducing the risk of damage to healthy cells that may be in its vicinity. Apparatus for performing the method; as well as techniques of delivering particles and for producing particles are also described.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system that employs particles, e.g., nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause electroporation in target cells at reduced fields. Electroporation may be irreversible, leading to targeted cell death, or reversible, allowing species to be introduced into the target cell. The method introduces a particle to a position adjacent to the cell membrane of a target cell and exposes the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a time interval to cause targeted electroporation. A smaller electric field is applied, thereby surmounting similar methods. The particle enhances the effect of the electric field in its immediate vicinity, so reducing the field strength needed to achieve electroporation and thereby reducing the risk of damage to cells through high field exposure. Electroporation can be targeted to a subset of target cells by targeting the particles to surface markers on the target cell membrane.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for conducting at least two reactions in a reaction tube, said method comprising the steps of providing at least two reaction phases within said reaction tube for allowing said reactions to occur therein, providing a separation phase that is immiscible with said two reaction phases and which is disposed therebetween, providing at least one particle capable of being coupled to a chemical species, wherein said particle is movable between said reaction phases to introduce said chemical species thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device and a system for extraction of biological material form biological cells. The invention involves exposing the biological particles to an alternating electric field in a sample chamber and may also involve subsequent analysis of the biological material after the extraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device, and a system for collection of biological particles. The method makes use of electrostatic attraction of biological particles to charged electrodes and preferably operates with gaseous samples. The method, chip, device, and system are e.g. useful for collecting pathogenic biological particles, such as bacterial spores and vira, from air samples and allow for subsequent analysis of the collected biological particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device, and a system for detection of biological particles. The method of the invention typically comprises collecting the biological particles from a gaseous sample, contacting the biological particles with a first liquid reagent, extracting biological material from the collected biological particles, and analyzing the biological material for the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device, and a system for detection of biological particles. The method of the invention typically comprises collecting the biological particles from a gaseous sample, contacting the biological particles with a first liquid reagent, extracting biological material from the collected biological particles, and analysing the biological material for the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device, and a system for collection of biological particles. The method makes use of electrostatic attraction of biological particles to charged electrodes and preferably operates with gaseous samples. The method, chip, device, and system are e.g. useful for collecting pathogenic biological particles, such as bacterial spores and vira, from air samples and allow for subsequent analysis of the collected biological particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a kit and a system for sensitive detection of a target nucleic acid molecule. The target nucleic acid molecule may e.g. be specific for a certain microorganism, e.g. a pathogenic microorganism such as B. anthracis. The methods and kits relate to so-called nested PCR and especially improvements, which renders the nested PCR technique better suited for automated analysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device and a system for extraction of biological material form biological cells. The invention involves exposing the biological particles to an alternating electric field in a sample chamber and may also involve subsequent analysis of the biological material after the extraction.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for, and method of, making electrical measurements on objects, in particular cells, liposomes or similar small objects, in a medium. More particularly the invention relates to an apparatus for, and method of, making electrophysiological measurements on cells, liposomes or similar small objects, in a medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high through-put system for determining and/or monitoring electrophysiological properties of ion channels of ion channel-containing membranes, typically lipid membrane-containing structures such as cells. In particular, the invention provides a substrate which provides means for automatically positioning cells at measuring sites using electroosmotic flow in canals formed on or in the substrate. The electroosmotic flow is generated and controlled by electroosmotic flow pumps integrated on the substrate or positioned in relation thereto. Thereby, cells can be positioned in favorable measurement configuration at a plurality of sites for performing testing and measurements. Also, the invention relates to a main electric circuit for performing testing and measurements on a plurality of cells in parallel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate and a method for obtaining an electrophysiological measuring configuration in which a cell forms a high resistive seal (giga-seal) around a measuring electrode making it suitable for determining and monitoring a current flow through the cell membrane. The substrate is typically part of an apparatus for studying electrical events in cell membranes, such as an apparatus for carrying out patch clamp techniques utilised to study ion transfer channels in biological membranes. The substrate has a plurality or an array of measuring sites with integrated measuring and reference electrodes formed by wafer processing technology. The electrodes are adapted to conduct a current between them by delivery of ions by one electrode and receipt of ions by the other electrode and are typically silver/silver halide electrodes.