Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of (II) and an acceptable salt or hydrate thereof method of making same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of (II) and an acceptable salt or hydrate thereof method of making same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of (II) and an acceptable salt or hydrate thereof method of making same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of (II) and an acceptable salt or hydrate thereof method of making same.

Abstract: A process for preparing oxiranemethane derivatives which are useful as intermediates for preparing aspartyl protease inhibitors comprising the steps of activating an aminodiol, acylating the aminodiol and reacting the acylated aminodiol with a base to form an epoxy compound.

Abstract: Novel bicyclic alkyl dicarbamates are prepared from norbornadiene and other simple starting materials, and these are subsequently thermally cracked to novel diisocyanate norbornyl derivatives, which are, among others, useful for crosslinking active hydrogen compounds.

Abstract: A process is disclosed whereby mono- and diurethane cyclohexyl derivatives are obtained corresponding to the Lewis acid-catalyzed addition reaction of dipentene and methyl carbamate at a temperature of from about 40.degree. to about 150.degree.C. The mono- and diurethane cyclohexyl derivatives are pyrolytically converted to other corresponding mono- and diisocyanate cyclohexyl derivatives. Novel vinyl unsaturated monoisocyanate cyclohexyl derivatives useful as reactants for polyfunctional compounds to produce cured compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently are H or C.sub.1-8 -alkyl or together are C.sub.2-7 -alkylene forming a ring with the connecting N-atom; X is CN, halo, C.sub.6-10 -arylsulfonyl, C.sub.6-10 -arylsulfinyloxy, C.sub.6-10 -aryloxy, C.sub.6-10 -arylthio or C.sub.1-8 -alkylsulfonyloxy or nitro, and Y is the anion of an acid having a pK.sub.a of about 3 or less.These compounds are intermediates in the preparation of 4-substituted pyridines.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 4-substituted pyridine product from a starting pyridine substituted in the 4-position by a leaving group susceptible to nucleophilic displacement when the starting pyridine is in quaternized form, comprises,quaternizing the starting pyridine under effective acidic conditions with acrylamide, N-monoalkylacrylamide or N-dialkylacrylamide,subjecting the resultant, corresponding quaternized starting pyridine, to a nucleophilic displacement reaction with a reagent which reacts with it to produce the corresponding quaternary salt of the 4-substituted pyridine product, anddequaternizing the latter under effective basic conditions to liberate the 4-substituted pyridine product.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic mono- and polyisocyanates by the addition reaction of isocyanic acid with vinyl aromatics is disclosed. The process is characterized by the slow addition of the olefin to a reaction mass of solvent and isocyanic acid to maintain the isocyanic acid in high excess to unreacted olefin.

Abstract: 3-Hydroxymethyl-2-cephems are provided by (1) reacting a 2-halomethylcephem compound with a .gamma.-hydroxycarboxylic acid salt or a .delta.-hydroxycarboxylic acid salt and (2) reacting the novel .gamma. or .delta.-hydroxy esters thereby obtained with a protic acid. The 3-hydroxymethylcephems provided by the process of this invention are useful intermediates for the preparation of known cephalosporin antibiotics.