Abstract: A snapshot prefetcher to perform snapshot prefetching to improve performance of snapshot read operations. An apparatus embodiment includes a snapshot read tracking circuitry to track snapshot read requests made by a first processor core to read a plurality of cache lines, and to detect a snapshot read access stream based on the tracked snapshot read requests. A snapshot prefetch issuing circuitry of the apparatus to issue, based on the detected snapshot read access stream, one or more snapshot prefetch requests, including a first snapshot prefetch request to prefetch data from a first cache line stored in, and owned exclusively by, a first storage location outside the first processor core. The snapshot prefetch issuing circuitry further to store the prefetched data in a second storage location within the first processor core, wherein after the prefetch, exclusive ownership of the first cache line is to remain with the first storage location.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for controlling and monitoring access to network servers. In particular, the process described in the invention includes client-server sessions over the Internet. In this environment, when the user attempts to access an access-controlled file, the server subjects the request to a secondary server which determines whether the client has an authorization or valid account. Upon such verification, the user is provided with a session identification which allows the user to access to the requested file as well as any other files within the present protection domain.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for controlling and monitoring access to network servers. In particular, the process described in the invention includes client-server sessions over the Internet. In this environment, when the user attempts to access an access-controlled file, the server subjects the request to a secondary server which determines whether the client has an authorization or valid account. Upon such verification, the user is provided with a session identification which allows the user to access to the requested file as well as any other files within the present protection domain.

Abstract: An electronic commerce system includes a client computer and a server computer interconnected by a public packet switched communications network. The client computer is programmed to transmit to the server computer an order acceptance request terms or conditions of a proposed offer for a purchase, including multiple options of at least one of the terms or conditions of the offer. The server computer is programmed to process the order acceptance request based on pre-programmed criteria and based on the processing of the order acceptance request to transmit to the client computer an order acceptance response. The order acceptance response includes a plurality of amendments to the proposed offer for the purchase, including selection of an option of the at least one of the terms or conditions.

Abstract: Link traversals leading from an advertisement on the Web to a product page are determined. The determined link traversals are used as a basis for charging for advertising, for example, by counting the number of link traversals from the advertising page to a product page, or by counting the number of sales resulting from such traversals. The effectiveness of advertising on the Web is evaluated by measuring the number of sales or transactions resulting from link traversals from the advertisement to the page.

Abstract: Service requests from a client to a server system through a network are processed. A session identifier is appended to requests for information. The server responds to the requests from the client by returning the requested information to the client. Requests to particular information are counted, exclusive of repeated requests from a common client.

Abstract: Computer system and method using a Kautz-like digraph to interconnect computer nodes and having control back channel between nodes. A multinode computing system includes a large plurality of computing nodes interconnected via a Kautz topology having order O, diameter n, and degree k. The order equals (k+1)kn?1; The data interconnections from a node x to a node y in the topology satisfy the relationship y=(?x*k?j) mod O, where 1?j?k; and each x,y pair includes a unidirectional control link from node y to node x to convey flow control and error information from a receiving node y to a transmitting node x.

Abstract: Computer systems and methods using efficient module and backplane tiling to interconnect computer nodes via a Kautz-like digraph. A multinode computing system includes a large plurality of computing nodes interconnected via a Kautz topology having order O, diameter n, and degree k. The order equals (k+1)kn?1. The interconnections from a node x to a node y in the topology satisfy the relationship y=(?x*k?j) mod O, where 1?j?k, and the computing nodes are arranged onto a plurality of modules. Each module has an equal plurality of computing nodes on it. A majority of the inter-node connections are contained on the plurality of modules and a minority of the inter-node connections are inter-module connections. Inter-module connections are routed among modules in parallel on an inter-module connection plane.

Abstract: A multi-node computer system with a plurality of interconnected processing nodes, including a method of using DMA engines without page locking by the operating system. The method includes a sending node with a first virtual address space and a receiving node with a second virtual address space. Performing a DMA data transfer operation between the first virtual address space on the sending node and the second virtual address space on the receiving node via a DMA engine, and if the DMA operation refers to a virtual address within the second virtual address space that is not in physical memory, causing the DMA operation to fail. The method includes causing the receiving node to map the referenced virtual address within the second virtual address space to a physical address, and causing the sending node to retry the DMA operation, wherein the retried DMA operation is performed without page locking.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for controlling and monitoring access to network servers. In particular, the process described in the invention includes client-server sessions over the Internet. In this environment, when the user attempts to access an access-controlled file, the server subjects the request to a secondary server which determines whether the client has an authorization or valid account. Upon such verification, the user is provided with a session identification which allows the user to access to the requested file as well as any other files within the present protection domain.

Abstract: Computer systems and methods using efficient module and backplane tiling to interconnect computer nodes via a Kautz-like digraph. A multinode computing system includes a large plurality of computing nodes interconnected via a Kautz topology having order O, diameter n, and degree k. The order equals (k+1)kn?1. The interconnections from a node x to a node y in the topology satisfy the relationship y=(?x*k?j) mod O, where 1?j?k, and the computing nodes are arranged onto a plurality of modules. Each module has an equal plurality of computing nodes on it. A majority of the inter-node connections are contained on the plurality of modules and a minority of the inter-node connections are inter-module connections. Inter-module connections are routed among modules in parallel on an inter-module connection plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a RDMA system for sending commands from a source node to a target node. These commands are locally executed at the target node. One aspect of the invention is a multi-node computer system having a plurality of interconnected processing nodes. The computer system issues a direct memory access (DMA) command from a first node to be executed by a DMA engine at a second node. Commands are transferred and executed by forming, at a first node, a packet having a payload containing the DMA command. The packets are sent to the second node via the interconnection topology, where the second node receives the packet and validating that the packet complies with a predefined trust relationship. The command is then processed by the DMA engine at the second node.

Abstract: Computer system and method using a Kautz-like digraph to interconnect computer nodes and having control back channel between nodes. A multinode computing system includes a large plurality of computing nodes interconnected via a Kautz topology having order O, diameter n, and degree k. The order equals (k+1)kn?1; The data interconnections from a node x to a node y in the topology satisfy the relationship y=(?x*k?j) mod O, where 1?j?k; and each x,y pair includes a unidirectional control link from node y to node x to convey flow control and error information from a receiving node y to a transmitting node x.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remote direct memory access without page locking by the operating system. A multi-node computer system has a plurality of interconnected processing nodes. DMA engines are used in a way to avoid page locking.

Abstract: The invention relates to a remote DMA system, and methods for supporting synchronization of distributed processes in a multiprocessor system using collective operations. One aspect of the invention is a multi-node computer system having a plurality of interconnected processing nodes. This system uses DMA engines to perform collective operations synchronizing processes executing on a set of nodes. Each process in the set of processes causes the DMA engine on the node on which the process executes, to transmit a collective operation command to the master node when the process reaches a synchronization point in its execution. The DMA engine on the master node receives and executes the collective operations from the processes, and in response to receiving a pre-established number of the collective operations, conditionally executing the set of associated commands.

Abstract: A large-scale multiprocessor system with a link-level interconnect that provides in-order packet delivery. The method comprises transmitting, over a link in the defined interconnection topology, a sequence of packets in a defined order from a first node to a second node. The second node is an intermediate node in a route between the first and third node. At the first node, the transmitted packets are stored in a buffer. In response to an error in reception, the first node retrieves packets from the buffer and re-transmits them to the second node, beginning with the packet subsequent to the last packet in the sequence correctly received by the second node and continuing through the remainder of the sequence of packets.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for controlling and monitoring access to network servers. In particular, the process described in the invention includes client-server sessions over the Internet. In this environment, when the user attempts to access an access-controlled file, the server subjects the request to a secondary server which determines whether the client has an authorization or valid account. Upon such verification, the user is provided with a session identification which allows the user to access to the requested file as well as any other files within the present protection domain.

Abstract: A network-based sales system includes at least one buyer computer for operation by a user desiring to buy a product, at least one merchant computer, and at least one payment computer. The buyer computer, the merchant computer, and the payment computer are interconnected by a computer network. The buyer computer is programmed to receive a user request for purchasing a product, and to cause a payment message to be sent to the payment computer that comprises a product identifier identifying the product. The payment computer is programmed to receive the payment message, to cause an access message to be created that comprises the product identifier and an access message authenticator based on a cryptographic key, and to cause the access message to be sent to the merchant computer.

Abstract: A network-based sales system includes at least one buyer computer for operation by a user desiring to buy a product, at least one merchant computer, and at least one payment computer. The buyer computer, the merchant computer, and the payment computer are interconnected by a computer network. The buyer computer is programmed to receive a user request for purchasing a product, and to cause a payment message to be sent to the payment computer that comprises a product identifier identifying the product. The payment computer is programmed to receive the payment message, to cause an access message to be created that comprises the product identifier and an access message authenticator based on a cryptographic key, and to cause the access message to be sent to the merchant computer.

Abstract: A network-based sales system includes at least one buyer computer for operation by a user desiring to buy a product, at least one merchant computer, and at least one payment computer. The buyer computer, the merchant computer, and the payment computer are interconnected by a computer network. The buyer computer is programmed to receive a user request for purchasing a product, and to cause a payment message to be sent to the payment computer that comprises a product identifier identifying the product. The payment computer is programmed to receive the payment message, to cause an access message to be created that comprises the product identifier and an access message authenticator based on a cryptographic key, and to cause the access message to be sent to the merchant computer.