Abstract: Gyroscopes using surface electrodes are provided. In this regard, a representative microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope, among others, includes a top substrate and a bottom substrate. The top substrate includes an outermost structure that is open and enclosed and a first driving structure that is disposed within the outermost structure and includes first driving electrodes disposed on a bottom surface. The bottom substrate is disposed below the top substrate and includes second driving electrodes disposed on a top surface of the bottom substrate. The second driving electrodes are substantially aligned below the first driving electrodes such that a force can be applied to the first driving structure by an electrostatic force generated between the first and second driving electrodes. The first and second driving electrodes are also configured to provide a capacitance signal based on the movement of the first driving structure.

Abstract: A grid heat sink includes primary fins extending from a base and cross fins which intersect the primary fins and form a number of channels. A fan moves cooling air through the channels to remove heat from the primary and cross fins. In one illustrative embodiment, the grid heat sink includes a base, a plurality of intersecting fins, and a plurality of channels formed by the intersecting fins. Each of the channels accept cooling air at an input side of the grid heat sink and direct the cooling air to exit an output side of the grid heat sink.

Abstract: A resonator includes a translator, a stator, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to provide first and second translator voltages and first through third stator voltages, wherein the translator is configured to move with respect to the stator at a resonant frequency of the resonator in response to the control circuit.

Abstract: Gyroscopes using surface electrodes are provided. In this regard, a representative microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope, among others, includes a top substrate and a bottom substrate. The top substrate includes an outermost structure that is open and enclosed and a first driving structure that is disposed within the outermost structure and includes first driving electrodes disposed on a bottom surface. The bottom substrate is disposed below the top substrate and includes second driving electrodes disposed on a top surface of the bottom substrate. The second driving electrodes are substantially aligned below the first driving electrodes such that a force can be applied to the first driving structure by an electrostatic force generated between the first and second driving electrodes. The first and second driving electrodes are also configured to provide a capacitance signal based on the movement of the first driving structure.

Abstract: A resonator includes a translator, a stator, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to provide first and second translator voltages and first through third stator voltages, wherein the translator is configured to move with respect to the stator at a resonant frequency of the resonator in response to the control circuit.