Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for providing replicable financial instrument orders, and establishing a fill price that is better than the theoretical upper limit of the industries' best order execution. The system has the capability of transforming a client's index order into a replicable product, such as index futures and/or baskets of the underlying stocks. The system selects whichever method and combination of securities that will achieve the best expected execution for the particular market. The system achieves the best price and execution efficiency by utilizing dynamic market information across all possible liquidity formats, liquidity pools, and high performance trading systems, delivering a product that has multiple forms at the best possible price. The result is a better final execution price that outperforms current industry practices for best order execution.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for providing replicable financial instrument orders, and establishing a fill price that is better than the theoretical upper limit of the industries' best order execution. The system has the capability of transforming a client's index order into a replicable product, such as index futures and/or baskets of the underlying stocks. The system selects whichever method and combination of securities that will achieve the best expected execution for the particular market. The system achieves the best price and execution efficiency by utilizing dynamic market information across all possible liquidity formats, liquidity pools, and high performance trading systems, delivering a product that has multiple forms at the best possible price. The result is a better final execution price that outperforms current industry practices for best order execution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a quasi-interpenetrating network of polymer chains, the chains comprising linear polyacrylamide (LPA) chains in the form of a main frame having a weight average molecular weight of approximately 0.05 million to approximately 25 million g/mole, and a radius of gyration of approximately 10 nm to 350 nm; and polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA) chains prepared by polymerizing PDMA in the presence of the LPA main frame, wherein the LPA and PDMA chains are entangled within one another and interpenetrate one another, and wherein the quasi-interpenetrating network has substantially no chemical cross-linking.

Abstract: The invention relates to a quasi-interpenetrating network of polymer chains, the chains comprising linear polyacrylamide (LPA) chains in the form of a main frame having a weight average molecular weight of approximately 0.05 million to approximately 25 million g/mole, and a radius of gyration of approximately 10 nm to 350 nm; and polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA) chains prepared by polymerizing PDMA in the presence of the LPA main frame, wherein the LPA and PDMA chains are entangled within one another and interpenetrate one another, and wherein the quasi-interpenetrating network has substantially no chemical cross-linking.

Abstract: The present invention is a polymer solution for the efficient separation of charged macromolecules by electrophoresis that includes a plurality of polymers. These polymers are entangled to form an interpenetrating network with greater entanglement times than corresponding homopolymers of the same length. These polymers are different and do not phase separate when dissolved in solution. Preferred polymers are PAM and PVP or PDAM and PVP. The polymer solutions of the present invention provide at least a 500-base read length in one run for a single-stranded DNA separation.