Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: A thin film structure, method of producing it and the use thereof. The thin film structure comprises a substrate with a thin conductive layer containing an oxidizing enzyme mixed with an electron transfer mediator. The thin layer is protected against wetting to allow for its storage in dry conditions and further being sufficiently porous to allow for immediate activation of the oxidizing enzyme when contacted with an aqueous solution. The thin film can be used as a cathode in electrochemical fuel cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol from a fibrous lignocellulosic raw material. After pre-treatment of the raw material, the fibrous fraction is first hydrolysed at high consistency and then the modified material is subjected simultaneously to continued hydrolysis with a cellulase and to ethanol fermentation in a fermentation mixture. Fermentation is continued to convert an essential portion of the available cellulose into ethanol, then a liquid fraction containing solubilized hemicelluloses is added to the fermentation mixture and fermentation continued. By means of the invention, high fermentation rates, high ethanol concentrations and low ethanol production costs can be attained.

Abstract: A thin film structure, method of producing it and the use thereof. The thin film structure comprises a substrate with a thin conductive layer containing an oxidizing enzyme mixed with an electron transfer mediator. The thin layer is protected against wetting to allow for its storage in dry conditions and further being sufficiently porous to allow for immediate activation of the oxidizing enzyme when contacted with an aqueous solution. The thin film can be used as a cathode in electrochemical fuel cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sugar hydrolysates from cellulosic material. The method may be used e.g. for producing fermentable sugars for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic material. Cellulolytic enzymes and their production by recombinant technology is described, as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol from a fibrous lignocellulosic raw material. After pre-treatment of the raw material, the fibrous fraction is first hydrolysed at high consistency and then the modified material is subjected simultaneously to continued hydrolysis with a cellulase and to ethanol fermentation in a fermentation mixture. Fermentation is continued to convert an essential portion of the available cellulose into ethanol, then a liquid fraction containing solubilized hemicelluloses is added to the fermentation mixture and fermentation continued. By means of the invention, high fermentation rates, high ethanol concentrations and low ethanol production costs can be attained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cellulase enzymes, especially novel endoglucanases including endoglucanase fusion proteins, preparations and compositions containing these endoglucanase enzymes and fusion proteins, expression vectors, host cells and methods for their preparation and uses of the cellulases, preparations and compositions in the textile, detergent and pulp and paper industries.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for reducing the susceptibility of lignocellulosic material to unwanted yellowing, particularly yellowing caused by light and heat. According to the invention, the fibres are activated enzymatically or chemically and then contacted with a modifying agent capable of bonding to the oxidized fibre material, rendering the lignocellulosic fibre material improved resistance to brightness reversion. By means of the invention, brightness reversion caused by light or heat or a combination thereof can be retarded and even stopped.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for producing fibre composites. In particular, the invention provides a novel way of producing biodegradable composites comprising a hydrophobic polymer material and a reinforcing component of fibres derived from plant materials. Composite material produced by means of the present invention has improved strength properties and enhanced adhesion between the bifunctional fibre and the natural or synthetic polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the pre-treatment of chips, which can be used to reduce the specific energy consumption of mechanical pulp and to improve the technical properties of the fibres.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cellulase enzymes, especially novel endoglucanases including endoglucanase fusion proteins, preparations and compositions containing these endoglucanase enzymes and fusion proteins, expression vectors, host cells and methods for their preparation and uses of the cellulases, preparations and compositions in the textile, detergent and pulp and paper industries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fibre compositions. In particular, the present invention concerns a process for producing a fibre composition comprising a lignocellulosic fibre material and a synthetic, electrically conductive polymer formed by polymerized monomers. The invention provides for good adhesion between the fibre matrix and the polymer, because the monomer is polymerized directly on the fibre. The conductivity of the polymer is improved and the electrical properties and conductivity levels of the modified fibre can be adjusted by changing the amounts of the electrically conductive polymer.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for modifying a lignocellulosic fibre material. In particular, the present invention gives new properties to the fibrous matrix of the material. This is achieved by producing fibrous products with modified properties by activating the fibres of the matrix with an oxidizing agent and attaching compounds to the activated fibre in order to incorporate desired, pre-selected properties in to the fibre matrix. The invention makes possible to produce novel kinds of fibrous materials having practically a large variety of properties. Examples of such properties include hydrophobic hydrophilic character.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new laccase enzyme, which can be isolated from the strains of the Melanocarpus genus, the M. albomyces strain in particular. The pH optimum of the enzyme is within 5–8 and the enzyme works at a temperature of 30–80° C. The isoelectric point of the enzyme is about 4.0 as determined by isoelectric focusing and the molecular weight about 80 kDa, defined by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme is especially well suited to applications, wherein the pH and temperature conditions are high. The invention also relates to a gene that encodes laccase enzyme, and a laccase enzyme produced by recombinant technology.