Abstract: A method and a network device for achieving end-to-end latency guarantees, where the method includes: receiving, by a network device in a core network, a latency guarantee service (LGS) request message from a source node in a data network (DN), the LGS request message requesting to transmit traffic to an end device and comprising one or more of a LGS indicator, an end-to-end packet delay budget (PDB) requirement, a maximum flow rate, and an end device identifier; determining a remaining PDB for the core network and a transport network; sending an LGS slice selection request to a network function, including one or more of the remaining PDB, the maximum flow rate, and the identifier; and receiving an LGS response from the network function, which identifies an LGS slice for the requested traffic and indicates whether the LGS slice is able to satisfy the remaining PDB and the maximum flow rate.

Abstract: A testing system for measuring loss of soil particles with different particle sizes in a water inrush process includes: a vibration screening apparatus; a water collecting apparatus for collecting the mass of water and transmitting the water to a collecting and calculating apparatus; a conveying apparatus for conveying screened soil particles to a weighing apparatus; a weighing apparatus used for weighing the screened soil particles and transmitting the measured weight of the screened soil particles to the collecting and calculating apparatus; and a collecting and calculating apparatus used for controlling the operation of the testing system, inputting parameters and calculating data. The condition of particle loss in a simulated tunnel water inrush process can be automatically measured in real time, providing a basis for researching the influence caused by the particle sizes of fillings in the water inrush process of the tunnel to water inrush.