Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for optical communications. One of the apparatuses includes a spool comprising a spool wheel, one or more separate spool portions positioned on the spool wheel, and one or more bearings positioned on the spool wheel, wherein the one or more spool portions and the one or more bearings are configured such that an optical fiber ribbon can be wound through the spool; and a spring coupled to the spool wheel such that the spring provides a rotational force on the spool in a direction that winds the optical fiber ribbon.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treatment of the diseases in a human by identifying the human as one suffering from a herpes simplex virus (HSV), and then administering to the human the compound anti-HSV agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The diseases include dermatosis and non-dermatosis, wherein the dermatosis include acnes, impetigo, pyoderma gangrenosum, chilblains and psoriasiform, asteatotic dermatitis, ichthyosis, lichen simplex chronicus (Neurodermatitis, Prurigo), seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, epidermal cyst, wound ulcer, discoid lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, Alopecia, diagnostic criteria of some autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or diabetic skin complications, wherein the non-dermatosis include glomerulonephritis, arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, myelodysplasia, multiple myeloma, demyelinating disease, Parkinson's disease, anemia, cytopenia those among the diagnostic criteria.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treatment of the diseases in a human by identifying the human as one suffering from a herpes simplex virus (HSV), and then administering to the human the compound anti-HSV agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The diseases include dermatosis and non-dermatosis, wherein the dermatosis include acnes, impetigo, pyoderma gangrenosum, chilblains and psoriasiform, asteatotic dermatitis, ichthyosis, lichen simplex chronicus (Neurodermatitis, Prurigo), seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, epidermal cyst, wound ulcer, discoid lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, Alopecia, diagnostic criteria of some autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or diabetic skin complications, wherein the non-dermatosis include glomerulonephritis, arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, myelodysplasia, multiple myeloma, demyelinating disease, Parkinson's disease, anemia, cytopenia those among the diagnostic criteria.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treatment of the diseases in a human by identifying the human as one suffering from a herpes simplex virus (HSV), and then administering to the human the compound anti-HSV agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The diseases include dermatosis and non-dermatosis, wherein the dermatosis include acnes, impetigo, pyoderma gangrenosum, chilblains and psoriasiform, asteatotic dermatitis, ichthyosis, lichen simplex chronicus (Neurodermatitis, Prurigo), seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, epidermal cyst, wound ulcer, discoid lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, Alopecia, diagnostic criteria of some autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or diabetic skin complications, wherein the non-dermatosis include glomerulonephritis, arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, myelodysplasia, multiple myeloma, demyelinating disease, Parkinson's disease, anemia, cytopenia those among the diagnostic criteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable crystalline and amorphous salts of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan as well as processes for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and their uses in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various conditions and/or diseases. In particular, the present invention relates to D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan amorphous potassium salt.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for optical communications. One of the apparatuses includes a spool comprising a spool wheel, one or more separate spool portions positioned on the spool wheel, and one or more bearings positioned on the spool wheel, wherein the one or more spool portions and the one or more bearings are configured such that an optical fiber ribbon can be wound through the spool; and a spring coupled to the spool wheel such that the spring provides a rotational force on the spool in a direction that winds the optical fiber ribbon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable crystalline and amorphous salts of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan as well as processes for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and their uses in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various conditions and/or diseases. In particular, the present invention relates to D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan potassium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan lithium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan calcium salt (2:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan magnesium salt (2:1), and D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan organic ammonium salts (1:1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 1 (polymorphic form F) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 1 (polymorphic form F) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: A process for making pure crystalline D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan is provided which includes the step of deprotecting essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan or its diester to yield essentially pure D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. A process is also provided for the preparation of pure mono ammonium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan from essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, ammonium salt (1:1) is a stable pharmaceutical solid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 2 (polymorphic form I) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: A process for making pure crystalline D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan is provided which includes the step of deprotecting essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan or its diester to yield essentially pure D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. A process is also provided for the preparation of pure mono ammonium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan from essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, ammonium salt (1:1) is a stable pharmaceutical solid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable crystalline and amorphous salts of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan as well as processes for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and their uses in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various conditions and/or diseases. In particular, the present invention relates to D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan potassium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan lithium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan calcium salt (2:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan magnesium salt (2:1), and D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan organic ammonium salts (1:1).

Abstract: A process for making pure crystalline D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan is provided which includes the step of deprotecting essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan or its diester to yield essentially pure D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. A process is also provided for the preparation of pure mono ammonium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan from essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, ammonium salt (1:1) is a stable pharmaceutical solid.

Abstract: A process for making pure crystalline D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan is provided which includes the step of deprotecting essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan or its diester to yield essentially pure D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. A process is also provided for the preparation of pure mono ammonium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan from essentially pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan. D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, ammonium salt (1:1) is a stable pharmaceutical solid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 1 (polymorphic form F) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 2 (polymorphic form I) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 1 (polymorphic form F) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, their use in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, and processes for their preparation. In particular, the present invention relates the crystal modification 1 (polymorphic form F), the crystal modification 2 (polymorphic form I), and the crystal modification 3 (polymorphic form X) of the mono-sodium salt of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable crystalline and amorphous salts of D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan as well as processes for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and their uses in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of various conditions and/or diseases. In particular, the present invention relates to D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan potassium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan lithium salt (1:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan calcium salt (2:1), D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan magnesium salt (2:1), and D-isoglutamyl-D-tryptophan organic ammonium salts (1:1).