Abstract: Disclosed are polyurethane-polysiloxane hybrid coating compositions (PUPSHCC) and their uses, processes for their preparation, and substrates incorporating the coating compositions.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided coating compositions for preparing crosslinked fluorinated polyurethane coatings and liners that exhibit high optical clarity and transparency, as well as resilience against adverse environmental effects. The present invention also provides methods for coating solid substrates with transparent, environmentally-resistant crosslinked, fluorinated polyurethane coatings, as well as the resulting coated articles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are sulfonated ligno-aminodicarboxylic acid and the salts thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is an alkali cation, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, and ammonium, and Lignin denotes the polymeric sulfonated lignin material derived from commercial pulping of wood, straw, corn stalks, bagasse and the like. The dicarboxylic acid is made by a three-step process: (1) amination with ammonia and formaldehyde; (2) cyanomethylation with formaldehyde and sodium cyanide; and (3) hydrolysis of nitrile to carboxylic acid. The sulfonated ligno-aminodicarboxylic acid and its salts are useful as metal complexing agents.