Abstract: Provided is a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a 4D printing technology, including a first substrate layer and first triboelectric components of friction units, the plurality of friction units being arranged at an interval by taking a geometric center of the first substrate layer as a center of a circle; and a second substrate layer and second triboelectric components of first electrodes and second electrodes, the plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes being arranged alternately by taking a geometric center of the second substrate layer as a center of a circle. There are gaps between the first electrodes and the second electrodes; and the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer are inserted into each other through respective flanges and grooves, so that the friction units are in contact friction with the first electrodes and the second electrodes.