Abstract: A turbocharger for use in an internal combustion engine has at least one turbocharger housing, at least one compressor situated inside the turbocharger housing, and at least one turbine situated inside the turbocharger housing. In addition, the turbocharger has at least one sensor device for detecting at least a portion of a gas component of an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The sensor device is at least partially integrated into the turbocharger housing.

Abstract: A method for operating a sensor element, in particular a lambda sensor, for determining the concentration of a gas component of a gas mixture, in which the gas component is removed from a measuring gas chamber by applying a pump voltage and the concentration of the gas component in the gas mixture is inferred therefrom. Oscillations of the pump current caused by dynamic pressure variations are taken into consideration for a correction of the sensor signal in that a frequency analysis of the pump current is carried out.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining a gas component or particles in a measuring gas, having a first and a second measuring electrode, the measuring electrodes being developed as interdigital electrodes having a row of intermeshing branches as well as a main conductor each, to which the branches are connected in an electrically conducting manner; and the branches of the interdigital electrodes being aligned essentially in parallel to a longitudinal axis of the sensor element.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas sensor, which has at least two electrodes, between which a pump current flows and between which a pump voltage occurs, said sensor being operated with a nominal operating temperature and a low temperature operation being intermittently provided at said sensor, wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas sensor is less with respect to the nominal operating temperature, and a device for carrying out the method are proposed. Provision is made according to the invention for the pump voltage to be acquired and for the low temperature operation to be influenced by the pump voltage.

Abstract: In a method for detecting a level of contamination of a particle sensor provided with two electrodes situated on an insulator material for generating an electrical field, the insulator material is heated to above a limiting temperature of the insulator material at which the insulator material begins to become conductive. The insulator material is modulated by heating or cooling, the modulation being carried out at a lower temperature and an upper temperature which are each above the limiting temperature. The variation over time of a measuring signal which may be picked up between electrodes is measured during the modulation. The measured variation over time of the measuring signal is compensated using a theoretical variation over time of the measuring signal in a contamination-free state of the particle sensor in order to obtain a variation over time of a differential signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the voltage-controlled performance regulation of the heating of an exhaust-gas probe in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The aim of the invention is to provide a method in which the operating temperature of the probe is achieved in the shortest possible time without damage to the probe. To achieve this, the heating voltage during the heating phase of the probe is rapidly brought up to a high temperature in a start phase in relation to a subsequent phase, or a dramatic leap in temperature is achieved, preferably up to the full operating voltage and the heating voltage is then continuously or quasi-continuously reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas probe (120) for measuring properties of the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, wherein at least one data storage unit (135) is arranged in a circuit associated with the probe, in particular arranged in a probe plug (130) or a connecting element associated therewith. The following properties and/or adaption functions characterizing the probe (120) are stored or storable in said data storage unit:—fluctuations of heating resistances that are due to the production process and/or—parameters that characterize the aging of the probe (120), and/or—the shut-off state, in particular data that characterize the execution of an interval measurement for regenerating the exhaust gas probe or of a delayed shut-off and/or—data for adapting the probe (120) to different control devices (140) of internal combustion engines and/or—the number of operating hours of the probe and/or—the operating parameters of the probe in a previous specifiable time period.

Abstract: A method for determining a temperature of a measurement sensor for determining an oxygen concentration in gas mixtures. In particular, the measurement sensor may be used in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. A detection voltage which corresponds to the oxygen concentration and is provided by a Nernst measuring cell is evaluated, and the measurement sensor is regulated to an operating temperature using a heating device. The internal resistance of the Nernst measuring cell is determined in a first temperature range and is used to infer the temperature of the Nernst measuring cell, and the internal resistance of the heating device is determined in a second temperature range and is used to infer the temperature of the Nernst measuring cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a sensor, in particular a sensor made of ceramic material. Said sensor is heated to a shock-resistance temperature which is higher than a specific temperature.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for gas sensors, in particular to determine particles in gas mixtures, the sensor element including at least one electrochemical measuring element exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one temperature-measuring element integrated into the sensor element. The temperature-measuring element includes a resistor track, which has an electric resistance of less than 180 Ohm at 0° C. The resistor track may thus be produced by thin-foil technology, such as screen printing, for example.

Abstract: A gas sensor for detecting particles in a gas stream has a first electrochemical pump cell, which has a measuring chamber in which a first electrode is disposed to pump particles between the first measuring chamber and the gas stream. Furthermore, a second electrochemical pump cell is provided, which has a second measuring chamber in which a second electrode is disposed so as to pump particles. The second measuring chamber is connected to the gas stream via an absorber medium for absorption of the particles to be detected. This makes it possible to absorb the particles to be detected in a first operating mode using the absorber medium, and to desorb the absorbed particles in a second operating mode, and to detect the quantity of the desorbed particles. Thus, the gas sensor is able to take even low concentrations into account, and short-term measuring errors do not have such a serious effect.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber, which includes at least one component to be identified, especially oxygen, and at least one oxidizable component, especially a combustion gas. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode, and at least one solid electrolyte connecting the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one second electrode has a lower catalytic activity, particularly a lower electrocatalytic activity with respect to the at least one oxidizable component than the at least one first electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas sensor for determining the oxygen concentration in a gas mixture, especially in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines. Said gas sensor comprises a pump cell having an outer pump electrode, exposed to the gas mixture, and an inner pump electrode, exposed to the gas mixture via a diffusion barrier, and a solid electrolyte body interposed between the outer pump electrode and the inner pump electrode. The gas sensor also has a reference electrode, exposed to a reference gas, and a sensor heating device. The outer pump electrode is connected to a circuit arrangement via a pump current line, the inner pump electrode via a measuring line, the reference electrode via a reference current line and the sensor heating device via two heating lines.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for determining a physical property of a measuring gas, especially of the concentration of at least one gas component in the measuring gas, which has at least one ceramic layer, a diffusion barrier adjoining the at least one ceramic layer and at least one electrode that is exposed to the measuring gas diffusing through the diffusion barrier. In order to reduce the production variations with respect to the static pressure dependence and the limiting current of the diffusion barrier), the proportions of silicon in the diffusion barrier and in the at least one ceramic layer are approximately equal and differ by not more than 1 wt. %.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining a physical property of a gas in a measuring gas chamber includes at least two electrodes, at least one solid-state electrolyte connecting the electrodes, and at least one heating element having at least two heating contacts. A first heating contact and a first electrode are contacted via a common connecting line, and a second heating contact and a second electrode are connected to a common ground line.

Abstract: A sensor element, which may be used as Lambda probe and/or inside a Lambda probe, for example, is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode and at least one solid state electrolyte, which connects the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode are situated inside the sensor element. The at least one second electrode is connected to at least one reference gas chamber via at least one discharge air channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for determining the composition of a fuel mixture made of one first fuel and at least one second fuel for operating an internal combustion engine, wherein said internal combustion engine has a fuel metering apparatus and at least one exhaust gas probe in an exhaust gas channel. According to the method of the invention, it is provided that the fuel mixture is at least temporarily supplied to the exhaust gas probe at least partially uncombusted, and the composition of the fuel mixture is determined from an output signal of the exhaust gas probe. According to the device of the invention, it is provided that the exhaust gas probe is situated proximal to the motor in the direction of the exhaust gas flow before a first catalytic converter, and the fuel mixture can be supplied at least partially uncombusted to the exhaust gas probe at least temporarily.

Abstract: In a method for detecting a level of contamination of a particle sensor provided with two electrodes situated on an insulator material for generating an electrical field, the insulator material is heated to above a limiting temperature of the insulator material at which the insulator material begins to become conductive. The insulator material is modulated by heating or cooling, the modulation being carried out at a lower temperature and an upper temperature which are each above the limiting temperature. The variation over time of a measuring signal which may be picked up between electrodes is measured during the modulation. The measured variation over time of the measuring signal is compensated using a theoretical variation over time of the measuring signal in a contamination-free state of the particle sensor in order to obtain a variation over time of a differential signal.

Abstract: A sensor element for the determination of the concentration of gas components in a gas mixture, particularly of the concentration of gas components in the exhaust of internal combustion engines, with two electrodes, that together with a solid electrolyte constitute a pumping cell, whose outer pumping electrode is exposed to the gas mixture by way of a porous protective layer, and with a reference electrode, which is disposed on the solid electrolyte and is exposed to a reference gas, and which with a solid electrolyte and a Nernst electrode constitutes a concentration or Nernst cell, is thereby characterized in that at least periodically the Nernst voltage between the outer pumping electrode and the Nernst electrode is tapped and analyzed.