Abstract: Halogen-free fuel additives based on a long-chain hydrocarbon having a polar terminal group are obtained by reacting a hydroformylated olefin with a polyamine and hydrogenating the reaction product.

Abstract: A process for the preparatiion of an amine which comprises reacting a primary or secondary alcohol and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines, at temperatures of from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C. and pressures of from 1 to 400 bar using hydrogen in the presence of a zirconium/copper/nickel catalyst, wherein the catalytically active material contains from 20 to 85 wt % of oxygen-containing zirconium compounds, calculated as ZrO.sub.2, from 1 to 30 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, from 30 to 70 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, from 0.1 to 5 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO.sub.3 and from 0 to 10 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and/or manganese, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 or MnO.sub.2, respectively.

Abstract: Halogen-free fuel additives based on a long-chain hydrocarbon having a polar terminal group are obtained by reacting a hydroformylated olefin with a polyamine and hydrogenating the reaction product.

Abstract: .beta.-Aminonitriles of the following formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having alkyl side groups and a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 5,000 and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, independently of one another, are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl and R.sup.2 or R.sup.4 is also phenyl, and alkylpropylenediamines prepared from the .beta.-aminonitriles by hydrogenation are used as additives in fuels and lubricants.

Abstract: Alkoxylation products which are suitable as dispersants and are of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is oxygen or --CO--O-- when x and y are each 1 or is nitrogen when x+y=3,B is ethylidene or 1,2-propylidene,Z is one of the groups ##STR2## D.sup..crclbar. is formate, acetate, propionate or hydroxide, E.sup..crclbar. is carboxylate or sulfonate,M is a bridge group for completion of a pyrrolidone, succinimide or maleimide ring to give a group ##STR3## n is from 1 to 50, q is from 1 to 4,x and y are each 1 or 2, with the proviso that x+y.ltoreq.3,R.sup.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 -alkyl or, when A is oxygen, is C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -alkyl-substituted phenyl,R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, methyl or ethyl andR.sup.5 is hydrogen or methyl,a process for their preparation, their use for dispersing finely divided solids in flowable media, and formulations containing the alkoxylation products.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of N-alkenylpyrrolidones of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, by the reaction of an N-alkylpyrrolidone of the general formula ##STR2## in which R has the aforementioned meanings, and x and Y stand for OH, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkoxy or C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkoxycarbonyl, provided that one of the two radicals x and denotes hydrogen, at temperatures ranging from 200.degree. to 600.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 0.1 to 5 bar, wherein the process is carried out in the presence of an acid heterogenous catalyst except for an oxide of a Group IIb, Group IIIb, Group IVb, and Group VIb metal.

Abstract: Fuels for internal combustion engines or lubricants contain small amounts of compounds of the formulae Ia and/or Ib ##STR1## where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 5,000 and X is ##STR2## where the radicals R.sup.1 may be identical or different and are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -hydroxyalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -aminoalkyl, or where the two radicals R.sup.1 may form a nonaromatic ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to UV-crosslinkable copolymers built up fromA) from 99.5 to 75% by weight of olefinically unsaturated monomers,B) from 0.5 to 25% by weight of unsaturated compounds of the formula I ##STR1## and C) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of copolymerizable, olefinically unsaturated acetophenone and/or benzophenone derivatives containing no phenyl group having a free hydroxyl group in the ortho-position to the carbonyl group, whereX is O, S or NR.sup.1 andR is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.2 - to C.sub.6 -alkylene, andR.sup.1 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.8 -alkyl or phenyl.The copolymers according to the invention are suitable, after crosslinking, as coating agents, impregnants or adhesives and in particular as contact adhesives.

Abstract: Bismaleimide resins contain a bismaleimide of the formula ##STR1## where R and R' are each hydrogen, methyl or phenyl.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol or tetrahydrofuran or both by the catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, or the alkyl esters of these acids at temperatures of from 100.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. and pressures of from 50 bar to 350 bar over a catalyst containing cobalt as the active metal and one or both of the elements copper and phosphorus, if necessary in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: Cyclic N,N'-dimethylureas are prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of a cyclic urea which carries hydroxyl groups in the .alpha.-position to the two nitrogen atoms.

Abstract: 1,8-Naphthyridine derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or--alkyl, Z is NHR.sup.5 or NH--NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, allyl, benzyl or halobenzyl, and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrogen, alkyl, formyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl--CO--, and fungicides containing these compounds.