Abstract: Fluid filtration systems and methods for servicing thereof are disclosed. The fluid filtration system includes a filter cartridge, a fluid transfer pump, and a valve assembly that can be selectively operated and positioned to achieve a normal filtration mode of operation, a fuel drain mode of operation, and a water drain mode of operation. In the normal mode, the filter cartridge is in an installed position, the pump is rotated in a first direction, and the valve is placed in a first position. In the fuel drain mode, the filter cartridge is in a service position, the pump is rotated in a second direction, and the valve is placed in a second position. In the water drain mode, the filter cartridge is in an installed position, the pump is rotated in the second direction, and the valve is placed in the first position.

Abstract: A fluid filter cartridge has a first filter element and a second filter element. The first and second filter elements are arranged consecutively along a longitudinal extension of the fluid filter cartridge. The first filter element has two opposite end faces, one of the end faces being covered by a connection end cap and the other end face being covered by a first end cap. The second filter element has an end face being covered by the connection end cap and another end face covered by a second end cap. At least one port is at the connection end cap in fluid communication with at least one of the first filter element and second filter element. A central axis of the connection end cap orthogonal to a main extension plane of the connection end cap is offset in relation to a central axis of the first end cap orthogonal to a main extension plane of the first end cap and/or a central axis of the second end cap orthogonal to a main extension plane of the second end cap.

Abstract: Fluid filtration systems and methods for servicing thereof are disclosed. The fluid filtration system includes a filter cartridge, a fluid transfer pump, and a valve assembly that can be selectively operated and positioned to achieve a normal filtration mode of operation, a fuel drain mode of operation, and a water drain mode of operation. In the normal mode, the filter cartridge is in an installed position, the pump is rotated in a first direction, and the valve is placed in a first position. In the fuel drain mode, the filter cartridge is in a service position, the pump is rotated in a second direction, and the valve is placed in a second position. In the water drain mode, the filter cartridge is in an installed position, the pump is rotated in the second direction, and the valve is placed in the first position.

Abstract: Fluid filter cartridges, in particular fuel filter cartridges, fluid filter arrangements, and methods for servicing a fluid filter arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flush-mounted flashing light for approach guidance of aircraft, having a housing which has a housing pot (10) which can be inserted below ground level (F) and a housing cover (12) which covers this approximately at ground level (F) and having an optical system, which is arranged in the housing for controlled production and directed emission of light flashes, which comprises a light source (20) for production of light flashes and a prism (40) for varying the direction of the beam direction of the light flashes, with at least one light outlet opening (13) being provided in the housing cover (12) for light flashes to emerge from in a predetermined emission direction.

Abstract: A method produces a fatty acid alkylester by transesterification of a fat or oil and an alcohol. The reaction is catalysed by a heterogeneous catalyst immobilized in a tubular reactor at a temperature between 260 and 420° C. and at a pressure higher than 5 bar. A mixture of the fat or oil and the alcohol is led in a continuous flow through the tubular reactor. The catalyst is preferably a metal oxide or a metal carbonate including an alkaline earth metal. The reaction takes place at reduced residence times and contact times compared to the prior art.

Abstract: A method produces a fatty acid alkylester by transesterification of a fat or oil and an alcohol. The reaction is catalysed by a heterogeneous catalyst immobilised in a tubular reactor at a temperature between 260 and 420° C. and at a pressure higher than 5 bar. A mixture of the fat or oil and the alcohol is led in a continuous flow through the tubular reactor. The catalyst is preferably a metal oxide or a metal carbonate including an alkaline earth metal. The reaction takes place at reduced residence times and contact times compared to the prior art.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation system including a radiation source for the production of a radiation beam, and a contaminant trap arranged in a path of the radiation beam. The contaminant trap includes a plurality of foils or plates defining channels that are arranged substantially parallel to the direction of propagation of said radiation beam. The foils or plates can be oriented substantially radially with respect to an optical axis of the radiation beam. The contaminant trap can be provided with a gas injector which is configured to inject gas at least at two different positions directly into at least one of the channels of the contaminant trap.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation system including a radiation source for the production of a radiation beam, and a contaminant trap arranged in a path of the radiation beam. The contaminant trap includes a plurality of foils or plates defining channels which are arranged substantially parallel to the direction of propagation of said radiation beam. The foils or plates are oriented substantially radially with respect to an optical axis of the radiation beam. The contaminant trap is provided with a gas injector which is configured to inject gas at least at two different positions directly into at least one of the channels of the contaminant trap.

Abstract: The invention relates to a unidirectional lighting device for illuminating objects and/or for marking lanes, preferably in the airport area. Said device comprises a base having an external housing for placing and fastening the lighting device and optical components which comprise at least one light source, one reflector and one front glass and which produce a light beam along an optical axis. The external housing does not consist of metal and the optical components are disposed in an optical module to be added on to the base, thereby providing a lighting device which is easy to maintain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a unidirectional lighting device for illuminating objects and/or for marking lanes, preferably in the airport area. Said device comprises a base having an external housing for placing and fastening the lighting device and optical components which comprise at least one light source, one reflector and one front glass and which produce a light beam along an optical axis. The external housing does not consist of metal and the optical components are disposed in an optical module to be added on to the base, thereby providing a lighting device which is easy to maintain.