Abstract: A substrate support is configured to support a substrate. The substrate support comprises a plurality of burls protruding from a base surface of the substrate support. The burls have distal ends in a plane for supporting a lower surface of the substrate with a gap between the base surface of the substrate support and the lower surface of the substrate. The substrate support comprises a liquid supply channel for supplying a conductive liquid to the gap so as to bridge the gap between the base surface of the substrate support and the lower surface of the substrate, thereby allowing charge to pass between the substrate support and the substrate. The substrate support has a controlled electrical potential such that charge distribution at the lower surface of the substrate can be manipulated.

Abstract: A substrate table for an immersion system having a projection system arranged to project an image onto a substrate and a liquid confinement system configured to confine an immersion liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, the substrate table including: a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate; and a current control device arranged to reduce an electric current flowing between the substrate and the substrate holder while the immersion liquid is confined to the space.

Abstract: A system including: a substrate support configured to hold a substrate; a conductive or semi-conductive element contacting the substrate support and covering at least part of the substrate support; and a charging device configured to apply a positive potential to the conductive or semi-conductive element with respect to the part of the substrate support that is covered by the conductive or semi-conductive element.

Abstract: A substrate table for an immersion system having a projection system arranged to project an image onto a substrate and a liquid confinement system configured to confine an immersion liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, the substrate table including: a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate; and a current control device arranged to reduce an electric current flowing between the substrate and the substrate holder while the immersion liquid is confined to the space.

Abstract: A substrate table for an immersion system having a projection system arranged to project an image onto a substrate and a liquid confinement system configured to confine an immersion liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, the substrate table including: a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate; and a current control device arranged to reduce an electric current flowing between the substrate and the substrate holder while the immersion liquid is confined to the space.

Abstract: A substrate table for an immersion system having a projection system arranged to project an image onto a substrate and a liquid confinement system configured to confine an immersion liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, the substrate table including: a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate; and a current control device arranged to reduce an electric current flowing between the substrate and the substrate holder while the immersion liquid is confined to the space.

Abstract: A system including: a substrate support configured to hold a substrate; a conductive or semi-conductive element contacting the substrate support and covering at least part of the substrate support; and a charging device configured to apply a positive potential to the conductive or semi-conductive element with respect to the part of the substrate support that is covered by the conductive or semi-conductive element.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes a modulator configured to expose an exposure area of the substrate to a plurality of beams modulated according to a desired pattern and a projection system configured to project the modulated beams onto the substrate. The modulator includes a deflector to displace the plurality of beams with respect to an exposure area.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation source configured to produce a radiation beam, and a support configured to support a patterning device. The patterning device is configured to impart the radiation beam with a pattern to form a patterned radiation beam. A chamber is located between the radiation source and patterning device. The chamber contains at least one optical component configured to reflect the radiation beam, and is configured to permit radiation from the radiation source to pass therethrough. A membrane is configured to permit the passage of the radiation beam, and to prevent the passage of contamination particles through the membrane. A particle trapping structure is configured to permit gas to flow along an indirect path from inside the chamber to outside the chamber. The indirect path is configured to substantially prevent the passage of contamination particles from inside the chamber to outside the chamber.

Abstract: Ghost reflections in a catadioptric scatterometer objective are excluded from an angle-resolved spectrum measurement by using a partial pupil for illumination and for the measurement excluding the area of the pupil plane that has been illuminated. Ghost reflections are reflected back into same point in the pupil plane. The ghost reflections do not interfere with the signal in the non-illuminated area of the pupil plane. An illumination system provides a beam of electromagnetic radiation to illuminate a first area in an illumination pupil plane of the objective. The objective is arranged as to illuminate the substrate with the beam of electromagnetic radiation. The illumination pupil plane is the back projected image of the pupil plane of the objective and is also imaged into the measurement pupil plane at the back focal plane of the objective, via auxiliary optics.

Abstract: A pellicle that includes graphene is constructed and arranged for an EUV reticle. A multilayer mirror includes graphene as an outermost layer.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes a modulator configured to expose an exposure area of the substrate to a plurality of beams modulated according to a desired pattern and a projection system configured to project the modulated beams onto the substrate. The modulator includes a deflector to displace the plurality of beams with respect to an exposure area.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a vessel that encloses a component with a test surface to be probed for contamination control; and an optical probe configured to transmit and receive an optical probing beam. The vessel includes a first optical port configured to transfer the optical probing beam towards the test surface, and a second optical port configured to receive a reflected optical probing beam. The optical probe includes a light source configured to provide the optical probing beam, a polarization conditioner configured to provide a predefined polarization state to the probing beam, and a spectral analyzer. The polarization conditioner is preset to provide a minimal transmission for a minimal transmission wavelength, and the spectral analyzer is arranged to detect a wavelength shift of the minimal transmission wavelength in response to a polarization change due to the presence of contamination.

Abstract: A system for detecting at least one contamination species in an interior space of a lithographic apparatus, including: at least one monitoring surface configured to be in contact with the interior space, a thermal controller configured to control the temperature of the monitoring surface to at least one detection temperature, and at least one detector configured to detect condensation of the at least one contamination species onto the monitoring surface.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a radiation source configured to produce a radiation beam, and a support configured to support a patterning device. The patterning device is configured to impart the radiation beam with a pattern to form a patterned radiation beam. A chamber is located between the radiation source and patterning device. The chamber contains at least one optical component configured to reflect the radiation beam, and is configured to permit radiation from the radiation source to pass therethrough. A membrane is configured to permit the passage of the radiation beam, and to prevent the passage of contamination particles through the membrane. A particle trapping structure is configured to permit gas to flow along an indirect path from inside the chamber to outside the chamber. The indirect path is configured to substantially prevent the passage of contamination particles from inside the chamber to outside the chamber.