Abstract: For the electrophoretic display panel (1) to be able to have a pixel (2) which is able to have a relative large number of different attainable optical states for displaying a picture, even if the pixel (2) has three electrodes, the electrophoretic display panel (1) has a pixel (2) and drive means (100); the pixel (2) has an electrophoretic medium (5) having first and second charged particles (6,7), the first and the second particles (6,7) having opposite polarity and dissimilar optical properties and being able to occupy positions in the pixel (2), a first, a second and a reset electrode (11,12,13) for receiving potentials, and an optical state depending on the positions of the particles (6,7) in the pixel (2); the drive means (100) are arranged for controlling a sequence of the potentials received by the electrodes (11,12,13) for enabling the first and the second particles (6,7) to occupy their positions for displaying the picture, the sequence comprising first particles positioning potentials for enabling t

Abstract: Display apparatus with a display area (2) having a plurality of pixels (9), a mixing unit (3) for preparing a predetermined quantity of color material for one of the plurality of pixels (9), and a transfer unit (4) for transferring the predetermined quantity for a pixel (9) to the associated pixel position in the display area (2). The transfer of color material can be based on an electro-wetting mechanism, an electrophoresis mechanism or a pumping mechanism.

Abstract: The electrophoretic display panel (1) for displaying a picture has a pixel (2) having an electrophoretic medium (5) having first and second charged particles (6,7), the first charged particles (6) having a first optical property, the second charged particles (7) having a second optical property different from the first optical property, and an optical state depending on positions of the particles (6,7). Furthermore, particle movement means (10,11,100) are arranged to enable a picture movement of the first and the second particles (6,7) to their respective position for displaying the picture, and particles movement decoupling means are arranged to provide unequal abilities of the first and the second particles (6,7) to move for substantially decoupling the picture movement of the first particles (6) from the picture movement of the second particles (7).

Abstract: Woven material comprises a first set of electrically conductive elements and a second set of hollow fibres, the hollow fibres containing electrophoretic material. The electrically conductive elements may be substantially perpendicular to the hollow fibres. A third set may also be present, for example, a set of insulated electrically conductive elements (as shown in FIG. 1), substantially parallel to the hollow fibres, or a set of electrically conductive elements, being contained within the hollow fibres, or another set of hollow fibres, also containing electrophoretic material, being substantially perpendicular to the original hollow fibres. A display device comprising the woven material is also described which further includes electrical connectors connecting to the electrically conductive elements and circuitry connected to the electrical connectors and driving the display device.

Abstract: An optical switch, e.g. a display device based on layer break up or layer displcement having at least two different states, in which one of the fluids (5) e.g oil in a first state adjoins at least a first support plate (3) and in the second state the other fluid (6) at least partly adjoins the first support plate, in which picture elements are separated by areas (13) having a hydrophilic surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrophoretic display panel (11) comprising one or more pixels (20; 42) comprising a fluid with dispersed charged particles (30) and a polymer wall (21; 44) enclosing the fluid. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display panel (11) comprising one or more pixels (20; 42) comprising the steps of providing a material system comprising a fluid with dispersed charged particles (30) and a photo-polymerizable substance and exposing one or more selected portions of said material system to radiation to form a polymer wall (21; 44) enclosing the fluid by polymerizing said photo-polymerizable substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel design for color electrophoretic displays. In the display, each pixel (200) comprises at least two sub-pixels (210, 220, 230), and each sub pixel is fitted with a color filter (211, 221, 231) and contains an electrophoretic media comprising two particle types (201, 202, 203). The color filters (211, 221, 231) in the sub-pixels of each pixel have essentially non-overlapping absorption bands, and together cover essentially all of the wavelengths over which the display is operative. Furthermore, the absorption bands of the particles in each sub-pixel (210, 220, 230) each cover a portion of the wavelengths that is not covered by the filter (211, 221, 231) in the respective sub-pixel. The wavelength bands typically correspond to different colors. Thereby each wavelength band, or color, can be emitted by more than one sub-pixel in each pixel, resulting in increased brightness.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical cell (1) comprising a first (2) and a second (3) support member, an electro-optical medium (5) between the support members and an electrode arrangement (11, 12) on the support members such that an electric field can be applied, in the electro-optical medium, perpendicular to the support members, aligned with the support members or at an oblique angle (7) with respect to the support members. The electro-optical cell further comprises layers (14) of material with different dielectric constant between the support members in order to reduce the inhomogeneity of the electric field lines in the electro-optical medium. By having a layer of cholesteric liquid crystals between the support members, the electro-optical cell will function as a colour filter for varying applied fields.

Abstract: A color electrophoretic display has pixels which each comprise an image volume (IV) and a reservoir volume (RV). Different types of particles (Pf, Pm, Ps; Pa, Pb, Pc) which have different colors and different electrophoretic mobilities are present in each one of the pixels. The particles (Pf, Pm, Ps; Pa, Pb, Pc) which are present in the image volume (IV) determine a visible color of the pixel (10), and the particles (Pf, Pin, Ps; Pa, Pb, Pc) which are present in the reservoir volume (RV) do not contribute to the visible color of the pixel (10). The color electrophoretic display is driven to operate either in: a first mode wherein all the types of particles (Pf, Pin, Ps; Pa, Pb, Pc) contribute to a change of color of at least some of the pixels, or a second mode wherein only a subset of the types of particles (Pf, Pin, Ps; Pa, Pb, Pc) contribute to the change of the color of at least some of the pixels.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display comprises a pixel (10) which has a pixel volume (PV) comprising a reservoir volume (RV) and an image volume (IV). Different types of particles (Pa, Pb, Pc) which have different colors and different electrophoretic mobility's are present in the pixel volume (PV). An amount of the particles (Pa, Pb, Pc) present in the image volume (IV) determines a visible color of the pixel. Select electrodes (SE1, SE2) generate in the reservoir volume (RV) a select electric field (SF) which separates the different types of particles (Pa, Pb, Pc) in different sub-volumes (SVa, SVb, SVc) in the reservoir volume (RV). Fill electrodes (FE1, FE2) generate a fill electric field (FF) to move the different types of particles (Pa, Pb, Pc) from the different sub-volumes (SVa, SVb, SVc) into the image volume (IV).

Abstract: A device for the treatment of skin by radiation pulses. The device has a detector measuring a biophysical property of skin, such as temperature increase, dispersion or absorption coefficient, or reflection coefficient for light having a predetermined wavelength, and also has a control unit which determines, from the biophysical property, a safe dose of radiation. The device automatically protects against an overdose from the radiation source. The invention can be used, not only in a hair removing device such as a laser epilator, a laser shaver or a flashlight epilator, but also in devices for the medical treatment of skin by means of radiation, such as photodermatology systems.

Abstract: An electrochromic display comprises electrochrome pixels (10) which comprise at least a first electrochrome material (EL1) and a second electrochrome material (EL2) between two electrodes (E1, E2). Each of the electrochrome materials (EL1, EL2) has two stable states, in one state at a first voltage across the electrochrome pixel (10) the material is transparent, in the other state at a second voltage across the electrochrome pixel (10) the material absorbs a color and thus is colored. The material changes from the one state to the other state by applying the appropriate one of the first or the second voltage. The amount of change of the absorption of the color depends on the time the appropriate voltage is applied. The first electrochrome material (EL1) changes from a transparent state to a color absorbing state for at least partly absorbing a first color when a pixel voltage (VP) across the electrochrome pixel has the first value (V1).

Abstract: A subtractive display device comprising picture elements having sub-pixels, each sub-pixel comprising a stack of switchable layers (5,25) or components and a color filter part (21).

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device for generating a colored image has pixels each having a medium (12) that is substantially transparent in the optical spectral range and at least two types of independently controllable electrophoretic particles (31C, 31M, 31Y). The particle species absorb certain wavelengths whereas they are transparent (and basically non-scattering) for light that is absorbed in other particle species. By moving these particles in/out a visible area of the pixel by generating electric fields color absorption can be controlled at will. As the particles are basically transparent (at least for the colors absorbed in the other particle species), the full pixel area (and volume) can be used for any particle species. This way the maximum brightness can be achieved for any color.