Abstract: An optical device capable of concentrating and spectrum splitting electromagnetic radiation for solar energy conversion systems. Two interfaces of the optical device, designed by ray tracing methods, focus the electromagnetic radiation by refraction and chromatic dispersion, such that focal areas of different wavelengths, relative to one another, are not parallel to electromagnetic radiation incident upon the optical device. Energy conversion devices, such as solar photovoltaic cells, may be placed at or near the focal areas to efficiently convert radiation of different wavelengths to other forms of energy. Interfaces may be flat or curved and may be composed of multiple discontinuous surfaces on one or both interfaces in one or two axes. Interfaces composed of multiple discontinuities may be designed such that there is no shading of electromagnetic radiation of selected wavelengths. The optical device may be composed of one material or multiple materials with different Abbe numbers.

Abstract: An optical device capable of concentrating and spectrum splitting electromagnetic radiation for solar energy conversion systems. Two interfaces of the optical device, designed by ray tracing methods, focus the electromagnetic radiation by refraction and chromatic dispersion, such that focal areas of different wavelengths, relative to one another, are not parallel to electromagnetic radiation incident upon the optical device. Energy conversion devices, such as solar photovoltaic cells, may be placed at or near the focal areas to efficiently convert radiation of different wavelengths to other forms of energy. Interfaces may be flat or curved and may be composed of multiple discontinuous surfaces on one or both interfaces in one or two axes. Interfaces composed of multiple discontinuities may be designed such that there is no shading of electromagnetic radiation of selected wavelengths. The optical device may be composed of one material or multiple materials with different Abbe numbers.

Abstract: A method of grinding control edges of a control bush of a rotary slide valve for hydraulic steering of motor vehicles, includes placement of the control bush in a support in form of slide shoes or a V block and additionally securing the control bush in the support by pressure rollers. A precise angular positioning of the control bush is effected by press-fitting a mandrel into the interior of the control bush. After grinding the control bush to a predetermined outside diameter, the reference points commensurate with the angular position of the individual control edges are determined by a measuring system. Based on the determined reference points, an optimum reference point for the angular position of all control edges is computed and utilized for adjusting the mandrel in form of a zero point shift for grinding the control edges.

Abstract: A machine part includes a surface suitable for rolling contact and/or sliding contact on another machine pad and made by an at least two-stage honing process, with a first honing step effecting a surface texture exhibiting a plurality of peaks and a plurality of pits and defining a mean profile line, and a second honing step for removal of the peaks to a level of the mean profile line for forming a plateau-like tenure that is interrupted by crossing pits, whereby the depth of the pits from the first honing step is maintained. Subsequently, abrasive grain is pushed into the surface for creating a crater-like recess, thereby displacing material at random in horizontal and venial directions for at least partially closing the pits. Mounds created during material displacement and positioned above the mean profile line are removed through a subsequent polishing process.