Abstract: System for thermocycling of fluids in cartridges comprising a thermocycling unit in thermal contact with a first substantially planar and heat conducting wall of a cartridge, a light source for transmitting light into the interior of said cartridge through a second light transparent wall of said cartridge which is arranged substantially perpendicular to said first wall, a light detector for detecting light emerging from the interior of the cartridge through said second wall and a fluid providing unit coupled to an inlet of the cartridge for providing the cartridge with fluid and an outlet of the cartridge to drain gas when the cartridge is filled with fluid. The invention further concerns a cartridge for conducting the thermal cycling of fluids.

Abstract: A photoelectric module (1) comprises an electrically non-conducting support (2) and a photoelectric element including an array of spatially distributed photoelectric members applied to a surface of the support (2). High simplicity and efficiency is obtained by the double function of module (1) for light transmission or reflection, and spatially averaged light measurement. In a preferred application of module (1) a light source (8, LED) is energized by a driving circuit (9) controlled by an electronic circuit (11). The input of this circuit (11) is connected to the photoelectric module (1), the power delivered to the light source (8) and the intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source being regulated preferably to a constant value by the feedback loop consisting of module (1), electronic circuit (11) and driving circuit (9).

Abstract: A photoelectric module (1) comprises an electrically non-conducting support (2) and a photoelectric element including an array of spatially distributed photoelectric members applied to a surface of the support (2). High simplicity and efficiency is obtained by the double function of module (1) for light transmission or reflection, and spatially averaged light measurement. In a preferred application of module (1) a light source (8, LED) is energized by a driving circuit (9) controlled by an electronic circuit (11). The input of this circuit (11) is connected to the photoelectric module (1), the power delivered to the light source (8) and the intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source being regulated preferably to a constant value by the feedback loop consisting of module (1), electronic circuit (11) and driving circuit (9).

Abstract: An apparatus for automatic performance of temperature cycles in a number of test tubes in which each test tube is closed by a closure and contains a predetermined volume of a liquid reaction mixture. The apparatus includes a holder, a computer-controlled automatic control system, and a device for cyclic alteration of the holder temperature. The holder has an arrangement of chambers for holding test tubes with each chamber being adapted to receive one test tube. The holder is constructed of a material of high thermal conductivity, and has an upper surface, a bottom surface and a cylindrical outer wall. Each chamber has an opening located in the upper surface of the holder. The device for cyclic alteration of the temperature of the holder is actuated by the automatic control system. By reducing the dimensions of the device and the power required to operate it, numerous advantages are realized.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatic performance of temperature cycles in a number of test tubes in which each test tube is closed by a closure and contains a predetermined volume of a liquid reaction mixture. The apparatus includes a holder, a computer-controlled automatic control system, and a device for cyclic alteration of the holder temperature. The holder has an arrangement of chambers for holding test tubes with each chamber being adapted to receive one test tube. The holder is constructed of a material of high thermal conductivity, and has an upper surface, a bottom surface and a cylindrical outer wall. Each chamber has an opening located in the upper surface of the holder. The device for cyclic alteration of the temperature of the holder is actuated by the automatic control system. By reducing the dimensions of the device and the power required to operate it, numerous advantages are realized.