Abstract: A multi-functional oven includes: a housing having a floor, a rear wall, a ceiling, and first and second side walls; a door that serves as a front wall of the housing; an internal side wall that divides the housing into a cooking cavity and an control cavity; a removable cooking rack that defines a cooking surface; a lower heating element positioned in a lower region of the cooking cavity beneath the cooking surface; an upper heating element positioned in an upper region of the cooking cavity above the cooking surface; and a fan residing in a recirculation duct in the control cavity configured to draw air from the cooking cavity through lower vents located in a lower area of the internal side wall, thereby creating an airstream above and below the cooking surface that flows into the lower vents, and to force air from the control cavity through upper vents into the cooking cavity.

Abstract: An electronic artificial flame device for providing an artificial flame having realistic flame colors and apparent flame motion, in multiple dimensions of chromaticity, luminosity, plasma anger, and spatial walk, coordinated by a mathematical model based on real flame. The device includes input electronics, output electronics, light assemblies, and a flame screen. The input electronics implement the model of a real flame, and the light assemblies, which include one or more light emitting diodes, emit light under control of the output electronics. The light assemblies direct the emitted light onto the flame screen, and the flame screen reflects the directed light to provide the visible aspect of the artificial flame. The mathematical model includes a flame model, a color conversion function, and a projection function for modeling, respectively, the shape, color, and movement of the real flame, and may also include an additional output noise function.