Abstract: Process for preparing 2-(4-thiazolyl)-1H-benzimidazole (generic name: thiabendazole) by the acid-catalyzed condensation of o-phenyldiamine and 4-cyanothiazole in solution in water or mixtures of water with miscible co-solvents (solvents which upon mixing with water in all proportions form a homogeneous mixture, as well as, other partially miscible solvents which upon mixing with water in some proportions form a homogeneous mixture under the reaction conditions of the process of this invention).

Abstract: Process for preparing 2-(4'-thiazolyl)-benzimidazole (generic name: thiabendazole) by the acid-catalyzed condensation of o-phenylenediamine and 4-cyanothiazole using as a solvent polar organic compounds in which the reactants, catalysts and impurities are soluble, and the product, thiabendazole, is substantially insoluble.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for killing and inhibiting growth and reproduction (aftergrowth) of microorganisms comprising adding sufficient chloramine to kill the microorganisms without oxidizing high molecular weight organics, which are not easily assimilated by organisms that survive, into lower molecular weight ones, which are easily assimilated.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis permeator of the capillary type wherein the tube sheet in which the ends of the capillaries are mounted and the porous support block therefor are slidably mounted on a hollow feed tube mounted in the center of the permeator is disclosed. The invention involves insuring that relative movement between the tube sheet and the support block does not occur during shut down of the permeator. This can be done by hydraulic pressure, spring loading, or mechanical attachment such as one or more bolts.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of Reverse Osmosis membranes to extend their storage life when immersed in water by the addition of magnesium calcium or sodium ions to the water.

Abstract: Process for the control of bacterial growth in polyamide reverse osmosis membranes by treatment with iodide, hydrogen peroxide, or hydrogen peroxide derivatives.

Abstract: The water flux rate (i.e., rate of water flow) through an aromatic nitrogen-linked synthetic organic polymer membrane in separation processes, such as reverse osmosis, is improved by incorporating a selected non-ionic, anionic or ampholytic surfactant into the rinse medium used to quench and extract salts and solvent from the membrane during preparation. The surfactant can be, inter alia, a water-soluble polyethylene glycol ester. The surfactant is effective in improving water flux in amounts ranging from between about 50 p.p.m. to about 10,000 p.p.m. based on rinse medium.