Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating and displaying a model of a subject's teeth. Described herein are intraoral scanning methods and apparatuses for generating a three-dimensional model of a subject's intraoral region (e.g., teeth). These methods and apparatuses may be used for identifying and evaluating lesions, caries and cracks in the teeth.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to techniques for real-time and post-scan visualization of intraoral scan data, which may include 3D images, 3D scans, 3D surfaces and/or 3D models. In one embodiment, an intraoral scanning system comprises a plurality of image sensors to periodically generate a set of intraoral two-dimensional (2D) images, wherein for each set of intraoral 2D images each image sensor of the plurality of image sensors is to generate an intraoral 2D image, and wherein relative positions and orientations of the plurality of image sensors are known. The intraoral scanning system further comprises a computing device, wherein the computing device is to perform the following for each set of intraoral 2D images: generate a combined intraoral image based on merging the set of intraoral 2D images together during scanning; and output the combined intraoral image to a display.

Abstract: An intraoral scanner includes a probe with a sensing face, patterned light sources that are coupled to the probe, un-patterned light sources coupled to the probe, near infrared (NIR) light sources couple to the probe, cameras coupled to the probe, and a processing device coupled to the probe. The processing device is configured to control an operation of the patterned light sources, the un-patterned light sources, and the NIR light sources.

Abstract: A method of multimodal scanning may include generating surface scan data of an intraoral structured using structured light. The method may include generating volumetric scan data of an internal structure of the intraoral structure with OCT scanning. The OCT scan data may be aligned with the surface scan data. A three-dimensional volumetric model of the patient's dentition may be generated based on the aligned OCT scan data and the surface scan data.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems for monitoring a subject's teeth during orthodontic treatment. In particular, described herein are apparatuses having a fixed focal length for coupling to a patient's smartphone, including a built-in lip/cheek retractor. These smartphone dental imaging apparatuses may be configured to easily and robustly interface with the user's smartphone to allow capture of dental images.

Abstract: A system comprises alight source to provide light, an optical system comprises focusing optics to focus the light onto a focal surface, a detector to measure returning light that is reflected off of a three dimensional object, a translation mechanism to displace the focal surface along an imaging axis defined by the optical path, and one or more processor. The one or more processor is to generate measurement data comprising coordinates of a plurality of surface points of the three dimensional object based on the measured returning light; adjust the coordinates of the subset of the plurality of surface points along up to three axes to correct the measurement data so as to remove inaccuracies caused by changes in magnification at the focal surface; and generate a three dimensional model of the three dimensional object using corrected measurement data.

Abstract: A method comprises obtaining reference data about a 3D calibration object, the reference data comprising known coordinates for a plurality of points on the object, and obtaining measurement data comprising measurements for the plurality of points on the object, the measurement data having been generated based on scanning of the object by an uncalibrated intraoral scanner. The method comprises comparing the measurement data to the reference data to determine differences therebetween and applying the determined differences between the measurement data and the reference data for the plurality of points to a function to generate a compensation model that compensates for one or more inaccuracies of the intraoral scanner. The compensation model is then stored, wherein the compensation model causes the intraoral scanner to be a calibrated intraoral scanner and is usable to correct measurement errors of the intraoral scanner caused by the one or more inaccuracies of the intraoral scanner.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for assessing oral health and automatically providing diagnosis of one or more oral diseases. Described herein are intraoral scanning methods and apparatuses for collecting and analyzing image data and to detect and visualize features within image data that are indicative of oral diseases or conditions, such as gingival inflammation or oral cancer. These methods and apparatuses may be used for identifying and evaluating lesions, redness and inflammation in soft tissue and caries and cracks in the teeth. The methods an include training a machine learning model and using the trained machine learning model to provide a diagnosis of an oral disease or condition based on image data collected using multiple scanning modes of an intraoral scanner.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating a model of a subject's teeth. Described herein are intraoral scanning methods and apparatuses for generating a three-dimensional model of a subject's intraoral region (e.g., teeth) including both surface features and internal features. These methods and apparatuses may be used for identifying and evaluating lesions, caries and cracks in the teeth. Any of these methods and apparatuses may use minimum scattering coefficients and/or segmentation to form a volumetric model of the teeth.

Abstract: A system comprises alight source to provide light, an optical system comprises focusing optics to focus the light onto a focal surface, a detector to measure returning light that is reflected off of a three dimensional object, a translation mechanism to displace the focal surface along an imaging axis defined by the optical path, and one or more processor. The one or more processor is to generate measurement data comprising coordinates of a plurality of surface points of the three dimensional object based on the measured returning light; adjust the coordinates of the subset of the plurality of surface points along up to three axes to correct the measurement data so as to remove inaccuracies caused by changes in magnification at the focal surface; and generate a three dimensional model of the three dimensional object using corrected measurement data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses (including systems and devices) for modifying a three-dimensional (3D) model of a subject's oral cavity to determine individual components such as teeth, gingiva, tongue, palate, etc. In some implementations one or more automated machine learning agents may modify one or more subsets of 3D models of the subject's oral cavity using height map data to identify, segment and/or modify to mesh regions of a 3D model constructed from a plurality of 2D images of the subject's dental cavity.

Abstract: A method of generating a 3D model includes: determining a 3D surface comprising a preparation tooth using a first plurality of intraoral scans generated by an intraoral scanner at a first time; receiving one or more additional intraoral scans of the preparation tooth that were generated by the intraoral scanner at a second time; determining a change to one or more portions of the preparation tooth between the three-dimensional surface and the one or more additional intraoral scans; determining, based at least in part on the change to the preparation tooth, whether to use a) the 3D surface, b) data from the one or more additional intraoral scans or c) a combination of the 3D surface and the data from the one or more additional intraoral scans to depict one or more portions of the preparation tooth; and generating the 3D model comprising the preparation tooth.

Abstract: A processing device receives a plurality of intraoral scans of a dental arch. The processing device determines, from the plurality of intraoral scans, a first set of intraoral scans that depict a restorative object and a second set of intraoral scans that fail to depict any restorative object. The processing device generates a multi-resolution three-dimensional model of the dental arch, wherein a first portion of the multi-resolution three-dimensional model is generated from the first set of intraoral scans, has a first resolution and represents the restorative object, and wherein a second portion of the multi-resolution three-dimensional model is generated from the second set of intraoral scans, has a second resolution and represents a remainder of the dental arch, wherein the first resolution is greater than the second resolution.

Abstract: A processing device may receive a plurality of intraoral scans of the patient that were generated by an intraoral scanner, determine a three-dimensional surface of at least a portion of one or more dental arch of the patient using the plurality of intraoral scans, automatically determine whether a restorative dental object is represented in at least one of the three-dimensional surface or one or more intraoral scans of the plurality of intraoral scans, and automatically generate a prescription for treating the one or more teeth based at least in part on at least one of a) a presence or absence of a restorative dental object in at least one of the three-dimensional surface or the one or more intraoral scans or b) a location of the restorative dental object in the one or more dental arch of the patient.

Abstract: A method of intraoral scanning includes receiving a first one or more intraoral scans of a patient's oral cavity; automatically determining, based on processing of the first one or more intraoral scans, a first scanning role associated with the first one or more intraoral scans, wherein the first scanning role is a first one of an upper dental arch role, a lower dental arch role or a bite role; and determining a first three-dimensional surface associated with the first scanning role.

Abstract: A non-transitory medium includes instructions for generating a three-dimensional virtual model of an intraoral object by receiving surface scan data of the intraoral object while changing a position of at least one lens of focusing optics of an intraoral scanner, wherein the surface scan data comprises data for a plurality of points of the intraoral object, and adjusting the data for one or more of the plurality of points to compensate for one or more inaccuracies associated with at least one of a) different temperatures or b) different positions of the at least one lens. A three-dimensional virtual model of the intraoral object is generated using the adjusted data.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for monitoring a subject's teeth during orthodontic treatment. A wide angle (e.g., fisheye) image showing an occlusal view of both arches of the subject's dentition and may be input into a monitoring system configured compare the image to the treatment plan to determine how closely the current position of the subject's teeth tracks with the expected or desired positions according to the orthodontic treatment plan.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for taking, using and displaying three-dimensional (3D) volumetric models of a patient's dental arch. A 3D volumetric model may include surface (e.g., color) information as well as information on internal structure, such as near-infrared (near-IR) transparency values for internal structures including enamel and dentin.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for taking, using and displaying three-dimensional (3D) volumetric models of a patient's dental arch. A 3D volumetric model may include surface (e.g., color) information as well as information on internal structure, such as near-infrared (near-IR) transparency values for internal structures including enamel and dentin.

Abstract: A non-transitory medium includes instructions for generating a three-dimensional virtual model of an intraoral object by receiving surface scan data of the intraoral object while changing a position of at least one lens of focusing optics of an intraoral scanner, wherein the surface scan data comprises data for a plurality of points of the intraoral object, and adjusting the data for one or more of the plurality of points to compensate for one or more inaccuracies associated with at least one of a) different temperatures or b) different positions of the at least one lens. A three-dimensional virtual model of the intraoral object is generated using the adjusted data.