Abstract: Battery core packs employing minimum cell-face pressure containment devices and methods are disclosed for minimizing dendrite growth and increasing cycle life of metal and metal-ion battery cells.

Abstract: Alkali metal secondary batteries that include anodes constructed from alkali metal foil applied to only one side of a porous current collector metal foil. Openings in the porous current collectors permit alkali metal accessibility on both sides of the anode structure. Such anode constructions enable the utilization of lower-cost and more commonly available alkali metal foil thickness, while still achieving high cell cycle life at a significantly reduced cost. Aspects of the present disclosure also include batteries with porous current collectors having increased volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, and methods of manufacturing anodes with porous current collectors.

Abstract: Alkali metal secondary batteries that include anodes constructed from alkali metal foil applied to only one side of a porous current collector metal foil. Openings in the porous current collectors permit alkali metal accessibility on both sides of the anode structure. Such anode constructions enable the utilization of lower-cost and more commonly available alkali metal foil thickness, while still achieving high cell cycle life at a significantly reduced cost. Aspects of the present disclosure also include batteries with porous current collectors having increased volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, and methods of manufacturing anodes with porous current collectors.

Abstract: Alkali metal secondary batteries that include anodes constructed from alkali metal foil applied to only one side of a porous current collector metal foil. Openings in the porous current collectors permit alkali metal accessibility on both sides of the anode structure. Such anode constructions enable the utilization of lower-cost and more commonly available alkali metal foil thickness, while still achieving high cell cycle life at a significantly reduced cost. Aspects of the present disclosure also include batteries with porous current collectors having increased volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, and methods of manufacturing anodes with porous current collectors.

Abstract: Localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes each containing a salt, a glyme as a solvent, and a fluorinated diluent. In some embodiments, the glyme has a chemical formula R1—(O—CH2—CH2)n—O—R2, wherein n=1 to 4 and at least one of R1 and R2 is a hydrocarbon sidechain having at least 2 carbon atoms and wherein the salt is soluble in the glyme. In some embodiments, the fluorinated diluent is selected from the group consisting of a fluorinated glyme and a fluorinated ether. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-metal salt. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-earth-metal salt. The salt may include a perfluorinated sulfonimide salt. Electrochemical devices that include localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes of the present disclosure are also disclosed.

Abstract: Localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes each containing a salt, a glyme as a solvent, and a fluorinated diluent. In some embodiments, the glyme has a chemical formula R1—(O—CH2—CH2)n—O—R2, wherein n=1 to 4 and at least one of R1 and R2 is a hydrocarbon sidechain having at least 2 carbon atoms and wherein the salt is soluble in the glyme. In some embodiments, the fluorinated diluent is selected from the group consisting of a fluorinated glyme and a fluorinated ether. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-metal salt. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-earth-metal salt. The salt may include a perfluorinated sulfonimide salt. Electrochemical devices that include localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes of the present disclosure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel bodysuit is provided. In particular, the present invention provides a bodysuit that presents a neat and kept appearance of a tucked-in shirt without the use of cumbersome elastic garters and loose magnetic attachments. The unique arrangement of the present bodysuit garment allows the user to engage in vigorous activities, such as horseback rodeo riding, while maintaining a kept appearance without dislodgement of fasteners or connectors through inadvertent contact with a saddle horn or other type of exterior object.

Abstract: Battery core packs employing minimum cell-face pressure containment devices and methods are disclosed for minimizing dendrite growth and increasing cycle life of metal and metal-ion battery cells.

Abstract: Localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes each containing a salt, a glyme as a solvent, and a fluorinated diluent. In some embodiments, the glyme has a chemical formula R1—(O—CH2—CH2)n—O—R2, wherein n=1 to 4 and at least one of R1 and R2 is a hydrocarbon sidechain having at least 2 carbon atoms and wherein the salt is soluble in the glyme. In some embodiments, the fluorinated diluent is selected from the group consisting of a fluorinated glyme and a fluorinated ether. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-metal salt. In some embodiments, the salt includes an alkali-earth-metal salt. The salt may include a perfluorinated sulfonimide salt. Electrochemical devices that include localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes of the present disclosure are also disclosed.

Abstract: Alkali metal secondary batteries that include anodes constructed from alkali metal foil applied to only one side of a porous current collector metal foil. Openings in the porous current collectors permit alkali metal accessibility on both sides of the anode structure. Such anode constructions enable the utilization of lower-cost and more commonly available alkali metal foil thickness, while still achieving high cell cycle life at a significantly reduced cost. Aspects of the present disclosure also include batteries with porous current collectors having increased volumetric and gravimetric energy densities, and methods of manufacturing anodes with porous current collectors.

Abstract: Battery core packs employing minimum cell-face pressure containment devices and methods are disclosed for minimizing dendrite growth and increasing cycle life of metal and metal-ion battery cells.

Abstract: Separators, for use in electrochemical devices, that each include a porous body and at least one ionic-flow-control layer that includes at least one copolymer blend tuned to melt at a design temperature so that, when melted, the copolymer blend block the flow of ions of an electrolyte through the porous separator. In some embodiments, each copolymer blend is applied to the porous body in particulate form. In some embodiments, two or more copolymer blends of differing design melting temperatures are provided to the ionic-flow-control layer. In embodiments having multiple differing copolymer blends of differing melting temperatures, the copolymer blends may be provided in the ionic-flow-control layer in discrete regions or as a mixture of un-melted particles. An ionic-flow-control layer may be provided separately from or integrally with a porous separator body. Electrochemical devices including ionic-flow-control layers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include control systems for controlling secondary lithium metal batteries and for controlling electric devices powered, at least in part, thereby, that enable access to reserve energy stored in the lithium metal battery that is not typically available during normal operation. In some examples, the control systems provide access to the reserve energy in response to an emergency, such as requiring excess energy to power an electric device to a safe location.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods of charging secondary lithium metal batteries that include selectively and intentionally overcharging the battery to activate redox shuttling additives in order to reactivate dead lithium. Aspects of the present disclosure also include control systems for determining when to initiate a lithium reactivation charging process and for determining one or more parameters of a lithium reactivation charging protocol.

Abstract: A carbon material is described, having utility for fabricating an electrode of an electrochemical energy device, wherein the carbon material includes a particulate carbon having a particle size d50 in a range of from 1 to 15 ?m, a bulk density in a range of from 0.3 g/cc to 1.2 g/cc, a surface area as measured by nitrogen BET surface area determination at 25° C. that does not exceed 10 m2/g, and an impurity content of less than 3000 ppm by weight, based on weight of the carbon material. Such carbon material may be utilized in amorphous or graphitic form in an electrode of an electrochemical energy device, such as a negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery or a lithium-ion hybrid capacitor.

Abstract: A carbon material is described, having utility for fabricating an electrode of an electrochemical energy device, wherein the carbon material includes a particulate carbon having a particle size d50 in a range of from 1 to 15 ?m, a bulk density in a range of from 0.3 g/cc to 1.2 g/cc, a surface area as measured by nitrogen BET surface area determination at 25° C. that does not exceed 10 m2/g, and an impurity content of less than 3000 ppm by weight, based on weight of the carbon material. Such carbon material may be utilized in amorphous or graphitic form in an electrode of an electrochemical energy device, such as a negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery or a lithium-ion hybrid capacitor.

Abstract: A removal composition and process for removing low-k dielectric material, etch stop material, and/or metal stack material from a rejected microelectronic device structure having same thereon. The removal composition includes hydrofluoric acid. The composition achieves at least partial removal of the material(s) from the surface of the microelectronic device structure having same thereon, for recycling and/or reuse of said structure, without damage to the underlying polysilicon or bare silicon layer employed in the semiconductor architecture.

Abstract: A method of passivating a CMP composition by dilution and determining the relationship between the extent of dilution and the static etch rate of copper. Such relationship may be used to control the CMP composition during the CMP polish to minimize the occurrence of dishing or other adverse planarization deficiencies in the polished copper, even in the presence of substantial levels of copper ions in the CMP composition and at the copper/CMP composition interface.

Abstract: A removal composition and process for removing low-k dielectric material, etch stop material, and/or metal stack material from a rejected microelectronic device structure having same thereon. The removal composition includes hydrofluoric acid. The composition achieves at least partial removal of the material(s) from the surface of the microelectronic device structure having same thereon, for recycling and/or reuse of said structure, without damage to the underlying polysilicon or bare silicon layer employed in the semiconductor architecture.

Abstract: A removal composition and process for removing low-k dielectric material, etch stop material, and/or metal stack material from a rejected microelectronic device structure having same thereon. The removal composition includes hydrofluoric acid. The composition achieves at least partial removal of the material(s) from the surface of the microelectronic device structure having same thereon, for recycling and/or reuse of said structure, without damage to the underlying polysilicon or bare silicon layer employed in the semiconductor architecture.