Abstract: A porous polymer aerogel, wherein the aerogel has greater than 5 wt % of amine containing vinyl monomers integrated into a polymer backbone. A method of fabrication of a porous polymer aerogel amine material, includes preparing a solution comprising at least a solvent, amine monomers having protected amino groups, one or more crosslinkers, one or more radical initiators, and a nitroxide mediator, removing oxygen from the solution, heating the solution to promote polymerization and to produce a polymerized material, performing solvent exchange with the polymerized material, causing a deprotection reaction in the polymerized material to remove groups protecting the amino groups, soaking and rinsing the material to remove excess reagents and any byproducts of the deprotection reaction, and drying the material to produce the amine sorbent.

Abstract: A method includes adding particles to an alkaline solution, stirring the solution to cause the particles to acquire hydroxyl groups producing activated particles, dispersing the activated particles into a solvent solution, adding acetylene benzoxazine into the solvent solution, mixing the solvent solution, removing the solvent from the solvent solution to produce acetylene-benzoxazine functionalized particles, and drying the acetylene-benzoxazine functionalized particles. A composition of matter has acetylene-benzoxazine functionalized particles dispersed in a resin.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane includes an ion-conducting polymeric electrolyte material and platelets, distributed through the polymeric electrolyte material. The platelets have an aspect ratio of length to thickness of at least 2:1. The platelets are aligned generally parallel to a length of the membrane. The platelets can be functionalized with free radical scavengers, or other moieties, to extend the lifetime of the membrane or of a membrane electrode assembly incorporating the membrane.

Abstract: A system and method utilize one or more fans each having fan blades. The fan blades have a desiccant material on an outer surface. The desiccant material is operable to adsorb airborne moisture in an ambient airflow and desorb moisture in a heated airflow. The fan blades are operable to drive one or both of the ambient airflow and heated airflow via rotation of the fan.

Abstract: A method and system for stress engineering of a transparent material can include an imaging system that can visualize a spatial distribution of an internal stress in a transparent material, an actuator system that can induce stress in the transparent material, the actuator system comprising one or more actuator elements, and a feedback system that can communicate with the imaging system and the actuator system, and which can guide an internal stress distribution in the transparent material toward a preferred final state.

Abstract: A composition of matter having a porous cross-linked polymer network, quaternary ammonium ions in the cross-linked polymer network, and at least one counter ion in the cross-linked polymer network that is at least one of hydroxide or a counter ion capable of forming hydroxide upon reaction with water. A method to produce a porous material includes polymerizing a compound containing quaternary ammonium and a cross-linker using controlled polymerization and ion exchange in the presence of at least one of hydroxide or a counter ion capable of forming hydroxide upon reaction with water. A method to capture CO2, includes employing a sorbent comprising a quaternary ammonium ions in a porous cross-linked polymer network in an environment to adsorb CO2.

Abstract: A ceramic matrix composite has fibers, a ceramic matrix bonded to the fibers, and ceramic particles, distributed throughout the matrix. A method includes mixing a high char ceramic resin precursor with ceramic particles, adding a catalyst to create a mixture, heating the mixture to produce functionalized ceramic particles, and cooling the mixture to produce a resin having functionalized particles.

Abstract: A membraneless electrochemical device comprises a fluid feed stream input to the membraneless electrochemical cell, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first electrode comprises a first redox-active material configured to have a proton-coupled oxidation reaction with a first portion of the fluid feed stream, and the second electrode comprises a second redox-active material configured to have a proton-coupled reduction reaction with a second portion of the fluid feed stream. The first portion and the second portion of the fluid feed stream are separated. A first effluent stream comprises the first portion and has a first pH, and a second effluent stream comprises the second portion and has a second pH, different from the first pH.

Abstract: A method of forming a porous, polymer aerogel, includes producing a miscible formulation of at least one of monomers, oligomers, crosslinkers and prepolymers, polymerizing the miscible formulation to form a multiphasic gel, wherein phases are continuous and the multiphasic gel has at least one depolymerizable domain and at least one non-depolymerizable domain, and the at least one depolymerizable domain is chemically bonded to the at least one non-depolymerizable domain, and removing the depolymerizable domain or domains from the multiphasic gel to produce a porous aerogel with a color rendering index of at least 25.

Abstract: An electrochemical device comprises a first type of membrane disposed between first and second reservoirs containing an input solution, and a second type of membrane, different from the first type, is disposed between a first redox-active electrolyte chamber and the first reservoir and disposed between a second redox-active electrolyte chamber and the second reservoir. The first type of membrane and one of the second type of membranes form a membrane pair and the pair has an area specific resistance below y=5065.3x3?1331.1x2+90.035x+39 Ohm cm2 when the pair is equilibrated in an electrolyte and for at least part of a range where 0<x<0.4 and x is the mass fraction of salt in the electrolyte.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing includes producing a powder resin comprising a polymer precursor and a thermal initiator, packing a fiber structure with the powder resin, resulting in a resin-packed structure, and heating the resin-packed structure to a curing temperature high enough to melt and cure the resin-packed structure to form a final structure.

Abstract: A system has a surface, a feedstock deposition head arranged to deposit a sinterable feedstock having a binder on the surface, a patterning system arranged adjacent the surface to change the feedstock surface energy according to a pattern to form selective surface energy patterns on the feedstock, a sintering-selectivity material deposition head arranged adjacent the feedstock deposition head to deposit sintering-selectivity fluid, the sintering-selectivity fluid selected to conform to the selective surface energy patterns, and a sintering chamber to sinter the feedstock after deposition of the anti-sintering agent.

Abstract: A method of forming three-dimensional objects includes depositing a sinterable, dense feedstock comprising a sinterable material and binder onto a surface, depositing a sintering selectivity material according to a pattern, removing the binder, sintering the sinterable, dense feedstock to form a three-dimensional sintered object, and finishing the sintered object. A sintering-selectivity material includes a solvent, and a sintering-selectivity material in the solvent, the sintering-selectivity material having the characteristic of being able to penetrate a dense feedstock. A system has a surface, a feedstock deposition head arranged to deposit a sinterable, dense feedstock on the surface, a sintering-selectivity deposition head arranged to deposit a sintering-selectivity material on at least one of the surface and the feedstock, a debinding mechanism arranged to debind the feedstock from the binder, and a sintering chamber to sinter the feedstock after debinding.

Abstract: A method of storing digital data in non-biological sequence-controlled polymers includes converting a digital data file into a monomer sequence, synthesizing polymer chains according to the monomer sequence, and encapsulating the polymer chains into microfluidic droplets and providing the microfluidic droplets with addresses. A polymer data storage system has a first converter to convert digital data to a polymer sequence, a polymer synthesizer to produce polymer chains according to a pre-determined monomer sequence, a fluidic encapsulation system to encapsulate the polymer chains in microfluidic droplets and to apply addressing materials to the microfluidic droplets, a storage for storing the microfluidic droplets, a droplet sorting system having at least an actuator to sort the droplets, a sequencer to derive the polymer sequence from the polymer chains contained in the droplets, and a second converter to convert the polymer sequence to digital data.

Abstract: An electrochemical device suited to modifying a carbon dioxide concentration in an interior space includes a cathode chamber with an inlet which receives a feed gas containing carbon dioxide. A reduction catalyst layer in the cathode chamber reduces carbon dioxide in the gas to form an ionic carrier species. An anode chamber with an outlet outputs a gas comprising carbon dioxide. A solid electrolyte membrane spaces the anode chamber from the cathode chamber and transports the ionic carrier species between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber. The membrane includes an ionic liquid. An oxidation catalyst layer in the anode chamber oxidizes the ionic carrier species to form carbon dioxide. A voltage source provides a voltage difference across the membrane.

Abstract: A porous polymer aerogel, wherein the aerogel has greater than 5 wt % of amine containing vinyl monomers integrated into a polymer backbone. A method of fabrication of a porous polymer aerogel amine material, includes preparing a solution comprising at least a solvent, amine monomers having protected amino groups, one or more crosslinkers, one or more radical initiators, and a nitroxide mediator, removing oxygen from the solution, heating the solution to promote polymerization and to produce a polymerized material, performing solvent exchange with the polymerized material, causing a deprotection reaction in the polymerized material to remove groups protecting the amino groups, soaking and rinsing the material to remove excess reagents and any byproducts of the deprotection reaction, and drying the material to produce the amine sorbent.

Abstract: A method of producing a polymer aerogel includes dissolving precursors into a solvent, wherein the precursors include monomers, crosslinkers, a controlling agent and an initiator to form a precursor solution, wherein at least one of the monomers or at least one of the crosslinkers has a refractive index of 1.5 or lower, polymerizing the precursor solution to form a gel polymer, and removing the solvent from the gel polymer to produce the polymer aerogel. A method of producing a polymer aerogel include dissolving precursors into a solvent, wherein the precursors include monomers, crosslinkers, a controlling agent and an initiator to form a precursor solution, polymerizing the precursor solution to form a gel polymer, removing the solvent from the gel polymer to produce the polymer aerogel, and reducing a refractive index of one of either the gel polymer or the polymer aerogel.

Abstract: A method of forming a sensor includes providing a substrate, forming a polymer aerogel layer on the substrate, and infusing the polymer aerogel layer with sensing molecules.

Abstract: A sensor has a transparent polymer aerogel, and sensing materials dispersed into the transparent, polymer aerogel, where the sensing materials change color in response to environmental conditions. A method of forming a sensor includes providing a substrate, forming a polymer aerogel layer on the substrate, and infusing the polymer aerogel layer with sensing molecules.

Abstract: A porous, polymer aerogel having a pore size distribution with a full-width at half maximum between 0.1 and 10 nanometers, a visible transmittance greater than 30%/3 mm, haze less than 70%/3 mm, and a color rendering index of at least 25. A method of forming a porous, polymer aerogel, includes producing a miscible formulation of at least one of monomers, oligomers, crosslinkers and prepolymers, polymerizing the miscible formulation to form a multiphasic gel, wherein phases are continuous and the multiphasic gel has at least one depolymerizable domain and at least one non-depolymerizable domain, and the at least one depolymerizable domain is chemically bonded to the at least one non-depolymerizable domain, and removing the depolymerizable domain or domains from the multiphasic gel to produce a porous aerogel with a color rendering index of at least 25.