Abstract: A base station receives signals from highway traffic and sends signals to selected vehicles on the highway to command them to increase/decrease speed or charge lane in order to more closely conform to a virtual model for vehicular use of the highway.

Abstract: An alarm system comprises plural movement PIR detector of which three such detectors are shown and designated by reference numerals (1, 2 and 3). An alarm control box (4) is connected to the movement detectors (1, 2 and 3) so as to receive an activation signal from a movement detector which has been actuated by movement from an intruder within its range. Control box (4) is connected to an illumination controller (5) provided to energise lamps (6, 7, 8 and 9) intermittently once an alarm activation signal has been received by control box (4). Controller (5) is equipped to alternate the illumination of a lamp (6, 7, 8, 9) so that, upon receipt of a signal from control box (4) designated for the energisation of a particular lamp, the lamp is first energised so as to illuminate it to a level which causes closure of the irises of the eyes of the intruder (but without permanent eye damage) and then de-energised so that illumination is near zero for sufficient time for iris recovery (e.g. a period of 6 seconds).

Abstract: A base station receives signals from highway traffic and sends signals to selected vehicles on the highway to command them to increase/decrease speed or charge lane in order to more closely conform to a virtual model for vehicular use of the highway.