Abstract: A carbon black having an average particle size of at most 13 nm, Dmod of at most 80 nm, a D½/Dmod ratio of at most 0.6 and at least pH 5.

Abstract: A carbon black having a D1/2/Dmod ratio of at most 0.53.

Abstract: Method for creating programs and processing data by having data in the form of data cards readily moved in and out of, and exchanged between, a command module, automatic editing display generator, printer generator and database. Programs may be written by simply selecting necessary commands in a small number of characters. The commands may be selected illustratively through kana-kanji conversion input. There is no need to type long sentences in alphabetic characters or in symbols. On arrival at the database, the data card containing actual data is controlled solely by the data characteristics of the database for file storage and editing, free of the constraints of any other module. A group of files on a magnetic disk where data layouts are defined may be readily accessed by anyone with little knowledge of computer systems by use of an appropriate series of database commands. Furthermore, the data cards containing actual data may be processed individually and parallelly by each of the modules.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for creating easily and quickly a program that allows new slips to be read by an automatic reading apparatus. A new slip is first input to the automatic reading apparatus. The reading apparatus reads from the slip its reference symbol and its information patterns indicating areas in which to write alphanumeric characters. The reference symbol is interpreted and assigned a numeric code that places the slip in an appropriate category. From each slip, the coordinates of a plurality of information patterns therein are detected. The areas designated by the coordinates are separated into numeric data and image data entry areas. These areas are defined using accounting terms. It is then defined that a numeral is recognized from the image of each numeric data area, and that an image is extracted and transferred from each image data area.

Abstract: A slip, a method of automatic reading of the slip, and an apparatus used therefor comprising a slip with delineated thereon a control mark made up of line segments of different lengths sequentially arranged in a line for representing a kind of format, information marks spaced apart from the control mark, each thereof being made up of line segments of different sizes arranged sequentially in a line, for representing task data, and information marks spaced apart from the information marks representing numerical data consisting of regions where numerals are written in and regions where bar patterns are written in, a scanning device receiving the slip as input thereto and outputting image data therefrom, a file unit previously storing therein formats corresponding to control marks, criterion coordinates and criterion numerical values corresponding to information marks representing task data, and criterion coordinates corresponding to information marks representing numerical data, read only memories storing therei

Abstract: A photo-sensitive printing plate automatic processing apparatus for holding a photo-sensitive printing plate upon which an image has been exposed, between pairs of conveyor rollers and processing it by processing liquids while conveying it along a conveyor path, has pipe members having spray outlets for spraying processing liquid, supported at both their ends on both sides of the conveyor rollers. One of the ends of each of these pipe members is provided with a spring to predispose the pipe member in the directioln of the other end and to also enable the pipe member to be moved against the spring force. Therefore, the pipe can be moved to oppose the spring force and therefore removed from the side plate.

Abstract: A deaerator for particulates capable of increasing the bulk density of the particles to reduce the volume of the particulates. In the deaerator, a perforated cylindrical section (1a) of a cylindrical body (1) includes a filter (13) formed of a sintered material. A screw conveyor (4) arranged in the cylindrical body has a screw pitch (4a, 4b) which is small and which gradually reduces the region on the downstream side of the perforated cylindrical section. The filter may be formed by sintering a fine metal fibre, a metal powder or a ceramic powder.