Abstract: A nitride semiconductor epitaxial substrate includes: a Si substrate; a nitride semiconductor epitaxial layer disposed above the Si substrate; and a mixed crystal layer disposed between the Si substrate and the nitride semiconductor epitaxial layer, and containing Si and a group III metal element, the mixed crystal layer containing a high concentration of C. The mixed crystal layer has a concentration of at least 1.0×10+21 cm?3, and a transition metal element concentration of at most 5.0×10+16 cm?3.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source and a beam detector for taking a main scanning start time of a light beam emitted from the light source and deflection-scanned by a deflection-scanning component to a predetermined main scanning direction. On the light source and the beam detector, the emission side of the light source and the light receiving side of the beam detector face the light-incident side of an f? lens, which is longer in the main scanning direction. The light source is arranged on the upstream side in the main scanning direction and the beam detector is arranged on the downstream side in the main scanning direction, or the beam detector is arranged on the upstream side in the main scanning direction and the light source is arranged on the downstream side in the main scanning direction.

Abstract: An optical member that refracts a light beam to diverge or focus the light beam, includes: at least three pairs of opposing surfaces. Each of the three pairs of opposing surfaces include a lens. Curvatures of the lenses at one side surfaces of the respective three pairs of surfaces are all the same, or curvatures of the lenses at one side surfaces of respective pairs of at least two pairs of the three pairs of surfaces are different from each other, and respective shortest distances between optical axes of the lenses at the one side surfaces of respective pairs of the at least two pairs of surfaces, and reference sides which are each any one of respective sides surrounding surfaces including the lenses are different from each other.

Abstract: In an image-forming apparatus, an optical scanning device that is adjustable in a turn available manner around a turn axis line parallel to an axis line orthogonal to a main scanning direction of a light beam is attached to an image-forming apparatus body. The image-forming apparatus body has a shaft support that supports the optical scanning device in a turn available manner around a turn axis line and a holder facing a housing at a position different from that of the shaft support. The optical scanning device is held by the image-forming apparatus body in a state in which an elastic member is sandwiched between the housing and the holder in a pressed manner.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source, a beam detector that takes a main scanning start time of a light beam emitted from the light source and deflection-scanned in a predetermined main scanning direction by a deflection-scanning component, and a housing with a support portion that supports reflecting mirrors in different arrangement positions so arrangement angles are different from each other. The support portion includes a first support portion that supports a first side surface of the reflecting mirror in a plurality of arrangement positions. A second support portion supports the first side surface of the mirror with the first support portion, causing a first arrangement angle in the first arrangement position of the reflecting mirror. A third support portion supports the first side surface of the reflecting mirror with the first support portion, causing a second arrangement angle in a second arrangement position of the reflecting mirror.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source that emits a light beam, a lens member, and a housing that supports the lens member. The housing and the lens member are provided with a housing-side engagement and a lens member-side engagement respectively that engage with each other. The housing-side engagement and the lens member-side engagement are capable of pivoting the lens member around an axis along an optical axis direction of the light beam passing through a contact contacted through concavo-convex engagement with each other.

Abstract: An optical member that refracts a light beam to diverge or focus the light beam, includes: at least three pairs of opposing surfaces. Each of the three pairs of opposing surfaces include a lens. Curvatures of the lenses at one side surfaces of the respective three pairs of surfaces are all the same, or curvatures of the lenses at one side surfaces of respective pairs of at least two pairs of the three pairs of surfaces are different from each other, and respective shortest distances between optical axes of the lenses at the one side surfaces of respective pairs of the at least two pairs of surfaces, and reference sides which are each any one of respective sides surrounding surfaces including the lenses are different from each other.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source, a beam detector that takes a main scanning start time of a light beam emitted from the light source and deflection-scanned in a predetermined main scanning direction by a deflection-scanning component, and a housing with a support portion that supports reflecting mirrors in different arrangement positions so arrangement angles are different from each other. The support portion includes a first support portion that supports a first side surface of the reflecting mirror in a plurality of arrangement positions. A second support portion supports the first side surface of the mirror with the first support portion, causing a first arrangement angle in the first arrangement position of the reflecting mirror. A third support portion supports the first side surface of the reflecting mirror with the first support portion, causing a second arrangement angle in a second arrangement position of the reflecting mirror.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source and a beam detector for taking a main scanning start time of a light beam emitted from the light source and deflection-scanned by a deflection-scanning component to a predetermined main scanning direction. On the light source and the beam detector, the emission side of the light source and the light receiving side of the beam detector face the light-incident side of an f? lens, which is longer in the main scanning direction. The light source is arranged on the upstream side in the main scanning direction and the beam detector is arranged on the downstream side in the main scanning direction, or the beam detector is arranged on the upstream side in the main scanning direction and the light source is arranged on the downstream side in the main scanning direction.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source that emits a light beam, a lens member, and a housing that supports the lens member. The housing and the lens member are provided with a housing-side engagement and a lens member-side engagement respectively that engage with each other. The housing-side engagement and the lens member-side engagement are capable of pivoting the lens member around an axis along an optical axis direction of the light beam passing through a contact contacted through concavo-convex engagement with each other.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device that scans an object to be scanned with a beam in a main scanning direction includes a first rotation fulcrum unit and a second rotation fulcrum unit that are respectively provided in the optical scanning device on one side and on the other side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the main scanning direction. The first rotation fulcrum unit is provided outside a scanning area of the beam in the main scanning direction. The optical scanning device is provided rotatably around a virtual rotation axial line connecting the first rotation fulcrum unit and the second rotation fulcrum unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device that scans an object to be scanned with a beam in a main scanning direction includes a first rotation fulcrum unit and a second rotation fulcrum unit that are respectively provided in the optical scanning device on one side and on the other side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the main scanning direction. The first rotation fulcrum unit is provided outside a scanning area of the beam in the main scanning direction. The optical scanning device is provided rotatably around a virtual rotation axial line connecting the first rotation fulcrum unit and the second rotation fulcrum unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device that scans an object to be scanned with a beam in a main scanning direction includes a first rotation fulcrum unit and a second rotation fulcrum unit that are respectively provided in the optical scanning device on one side and on the other side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the main scanning direction. The first rotation fulcrum unit is provided outside a scanning area of the beam in the main scanning direction. The optical scanning device is provided rotatably around a virtual rotation axial line connecting the first rotation fulcrum unit and the second rotation fulcrum unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device that scans an object to be scanned with a beam in a main scanning direction includes a first rotation fulcrum unit and a second rotation fulcrum unit that are respectively provided in the optical scanning device on one side and on the other side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the main scanning direction. The first rotation fulcrum unit is provided outside a scanning area of the beam in the main scanning direction. The optical scanning device is provided rotatably around a virtual rotation axial line connecting the first rotation fulcrum unit and the second rotation fulcrum unit.

Abstract: Respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are arranged on a drive substrate 46 (YZ plane) such that the emission directions of light beams L1 to L4 of the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are perpendicular to the YZ plane. On the YZ plane, the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are divided to two mutually different lines y1 and y2 in the lateral direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of a polygonal mirror 42, and the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are arranged on respective different lines z1 to z4 in the vertical direction as the rotation axis direction of the polygonal mirror 42.

Abstract: Respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are arranged on a drive substrate 46 (YZ plane) such that the emission directions of light beams L1 to L4 of the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are perpendicular to the YZ plane. On the YZ plane, the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are divided to two mutually different lines y1 and y2 in the lateral direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of a polygonal mirror 42, and the respective first semiconductor lasers 44a and 44b and the respective second semiconductor lasers 45a and 45b are arranged on respective different lines z1 to z4 in the vertical direction as the rotation axis direction of the polygonal mirror 42.

Abstract: A light scanning includes an adjusting unit that displaces the optical member to adjust the optical axis of the laser beam. The adjusting unit includes a shaft portion, a shaft supporting portion, a turning portion, a driving portion, and a turning damping unit. The shaft portion is configured to bidirectionally move in a first direction and in a second direction while turning. The first direction is a direction where the shaft portion approaches the optical member. The second direction is a direction where the shaft portion moves away from the optical member. The shaft supporting portion supports the shaft portion, and moves the shaft portion in accordance with turning of the shaft portion. The turning portion turns the shaft portion. The driving portion turns the turning portion. The turning damping unit damps a turning force applied to the shaft portion by an external force.

Abstract: A heat radiating device includes a base on which a heat generating member is mounted and a plurality of heat radiating members that integrally extend from a bottom face of the base. In this heat radiating device, the heat radiating members are each formed to have a circular transverse section, and are arranged such that any one of the heat radiating members is positioned on a straight line in any direction orthogonal to a direction in which the heat radiating members extend.

Abstract: An optical scanning device cover, covering an upper portion of an optical scanning device, includes an exposure window, a close stopper, an open stopper, and a rotation cam plate. A projection to be held in a link portion of a rotation cam is fixedly provided on a shutter. When the rotation cam is rotated in a direction of an arrow R(1) from a state in which the shutter is closed, A-side of the shutter turns until the shutter comes into contact with the open stopper to open that side of shutter, and thereafter, the B-side of the shutter turns to open that side of the shutter.

Abstract: An optical scanning device cover, covering an upper portion of an optical scanning device, includes an exposure window, a close stopper, an open stopper, and a rotation cam plate. A projection to be held in a link portion of a rotation cam is fixedly provided on a shutter. When the rotation cam is rotated in a direction of an arrow R(1) from a state in which the shutter is closed, A-side of the shutter turns until the shutter comes into contact with the open stopper to open that side of shutter, and thereafter, the B-side of the shutter turns to open that side of the shutter.