Abstract: An endoscope main body constituting an endoscope in a state in which an elongated detachable observation optical system is attached to the endoscope main body, and in a proximal end of an insertion section of the endoscope main body, a branch member is disposed. The branch member is provided so that a first extended section and a second extended section are branched from each other and thereby first and second operating sections are separately arranged. Furthermore, the branch member has an opening as an inlet which guides an imaging module in a distal end of the observation optical system to a hard portion of the insertion section.

Abstract: In a surgical instrument, a treatment portion continuously provided at a distal end of an insert section has a needle holding member made of an elastic body capable of holding a needle when the needle is pierced into the elastic body.

Abstract: An endoscopic surgery tool in which an image pickup device is provided on a hollow guide component that penetrates a body wall of a living body and guides a surgical tool into a body cavity, includes: a detection device that detects an amount of change in the tilt of the guide component when the guide component is tilted relative to the body wall using the portion passing through the body wall as a support point; and a correction device that calculates from the tilt change amount an amount of movement of the image pickup device that moves in conjunction with the tilting of the guide component, and makes corrections in order that an observation image from the image pickup device before the guide component was tilted is maintained after it has been tilted.

Abstract: A battery voltage monitoring apparatus to monitor a voltage of an assembled battery having a plurality of battery cells, the battery voltage monitoring apparatus comprises a first voltage sensor module having a voltage sensor and a first and a second module terminals connected to the voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor module having a voltage sensor different from the voltage sensor included in the first voltage sensor module and a third module terminal connected to the voltage sensor, a first terminal connected to the first and the third module terminals, a second terminal connected to the second module terminal, and a voltage clamp circuit to clamp a voltage between the first and the second terminals disposed between the first and the second terminals.

Abstract: A battery voltage monitoring apparatus according to the present invention for monitoring a voltage of a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells connected in series includes a first terminal connected supplied with a highest battery voltage of the battery cell, and a voltage clamp circuit for clamping a voltage of the first terminal not to decrease below a specified value.

Abstract: Provided is a voltage sensor module monitoring a voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells, including: first and second terminals each receiving a voltage applied between both ends of the plurality of battery cells; third and fourth terminals each receiving a voltage applied between both ends of a battery cell to be monitored which is included in the plurality of battery cells; a first reference voltage generation circuit connected to each of the first and second terminals and generating a first reference voltage based on the voltage applied between the both ends of the plurality of battery cells; and a first comparator circuit comparing a first regulated voltage generated based on a voltage applied between the third and fourth terminals, with the first reference voltage. As a result, low voltage detection can be performed with accuracy even when an output of a battery cell decreases.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a plurality of unit modules aligned in parallel, in which each unit module has a heat exchange function.

Abstract: In a level conversion circuit mounted in an integrated circuit device using a plurality of high- and low-voltage power supplies, the input to the differential inputs are provided. In a level-down circuit, MOS transistors that are not supplied with 3.3 V between the gate and drain and between the gate and source use a thin oxide layer. In a level-up circuit, a logic operation function is provided.

Abstract: A voltage measurement circuit includes a plurality of voltage input terminals that are supplied with voltage outputted by secondary batteries via voltage measurement lines, a plurality of voltage sensors connected between each of the plurality of voltage input terminals; and a plurality of constant current sources that are connected between the plurality of the voltage input terminals and supply the plurality of voltage input terminals being connected with specified voltage when the voltage measurement line is disconnected.

Abstract: A treatment tool of an endoscope including: a movable tip end portion that performs a treatment on a living body; a flexible first coil sheath into which a wire is spirally wound; a flexible second coil sheath into which a wire is spirally wound and which is concentrically fitted onto or into the first coil sheath; a flexible operation wire that is formed into an elongated thin shape, a tip end thereof being connected to the movable tip end portion, and the operation wire being movably inserted into the first coil sheath; and an operation portion for advancing and retracting the operation wire, in which a tip end of the second coil sheath is fixed to the movable tip end and a base end thereof is fixed to the operation portion.

Abstract: A surgical treatment instrument according to the invention includes an insertion portion, an operation portion provided on one end of the insertion portion, a treatment portion provided so as to extend from the other end of the insertion portion, two gripping members provided on the treatment portion, each having a gripping face, an open/close operating member provided on the operation portion to perform opening/closing by at least one of the two griping members being moved, variable angle operating members respectively provided on the operation portion to change the treatment portion to a predetermined angle, a braked member provided within the operation portion and operating in conjunction with the operation of the variable angle operation portion, and a braking member provided within the operation portion to brake the braked member by operating in conjunction with the operation of the open/close operation member, wherein the treatment portion maintains a predetermined angle by the braked member being brake

Abstract: In a level conversion circuit mounted in an integrated circuit device using a plurality of high- and low-voltage power supplies, the input to the differential inputs are provided. In a level-down circuit, MOS transistors that are not supplied with 3.3 V between the gate and drain and between the gate and source use a thin oxide layer. In a level-up circuit, a logic operation function is provided.

Abstract: A battery voltage monitoring apparatus monitoring an assembled battery voltage, the assembled battery including a plurality of battery cells, includes a voltage sensor detecting potential of the plurality of battery cells; an output logic circuit outputting a potential detect signal based on an output of the voltage sensor, the potential detect signal representing that abnormal potential is detected; and a delay circuit adding certain delay to the output of the voltage sensor and outputting the delayed voltage detect signal to the output logic circuit; wherein, the voltage sensor comprises at least one comparator having hysteresis characteristic, and detects the potential of the battery cell based on an output of the comparator.

Abstract: A surgical instrument of the present invention comprises an insertion unit; an operating unit provided on one end of the insertion unit; a treatment unit provided so as to protrude from the other end of the insertion unit; a first shaft member for transmitting turning force to the treatment unit in conjunction with the turning operation of a turning operation member provided on the operating unit; and a second shaft member for transmitting opening/closing force to the treatment unit in conjunction with the opening/closing operation of an opening/closing member provided on the operating unit.

Abstract: A treatment system includes a guide component that is used to insert a treatment tool into a body cavity, a tilt sensor that is provided in the guide component and detects an angle of inclination of the treatment tool that has been inserted inside the guide component, an insertion amount sensor that is provided in the guide component and detects an amount that the treatment tool has been inserted inside the guide component, a switching device that switches an observation range of images of an interior of the body cavity that are acquired by an observation device that has been introduced into the body cavity and are then displayed on a display unit, and a system control unit that drives the switching device based on information about the angle of inclination and insertion amount of the treatment tool.

Abstract: An instrument for an endoscope includes a first insertion portion having an base end to which an operation section is connected; a first offset portion extending outward from an axis of the first insertion portion; a second insertion portion having a base end joined to the first offset portion and an element extending parallel to the axis of the first insertion portion; a second offset portion which is joined to a head of the second insertion portion and reaches an extension of the axis of the first insertion portion; a third insertion portion which is joined to the second offset portion and has a portion arranged on an axis which is substantially the same as at least a part of the axis of the first insertion portion; and an inner hole formed through the first insertion portion, the first offset portion, the second insertion portion, the second offset portion, and the third insertion portion.

Abstract: The medical treatment endoscope according to the present invention includes a sheath having a flexibility; at least one arm member having a bending part that projects out from a front end of the sheath and performs bending actions; an open/close mechanism which directs the arm member from a direction along a central axis of the sheath to a direction deviated from the central axis of the sheath, and from a direction deviated from the central axis of the sheath to a direction along the central axis of the sheath; and a viewing device and an illuminating member that are disposed to the front end side of the sheath.

Abstract: An overtube includes an insertion part that is inserted into a subject and has a lumen through which a device inserting part of a device whose distal end bends freely for performing a medical procedure inside a body is removably inserted and a bending part that bends the distal end side of the lumen, in which the bending part is provided with a bending tube having a plurality of joint rings that are connected via connecting shafts along the lumen to freely turn and a braided tube that is disposed on the inner side of the bending tube and forms the periphery of the lumen.

Abstract: A medical procedure carried out via a natural opening, comprising: fastening the distal end of thread members to a tissue in a body cavity in proximity to a targeted incision site via a first introduction member that is inserted into a body cavity through a natural opening of an examination subject; inserting a second introduction member having a cutting instrument attached to the distal end thereof into a body cavity through a natural opening of an examination subject and disposing the cutting instrument in proximity to the targeted incision site; and cutting the tissue by pressing the cutting instrument against the tissue while pulling the proximal end sides of the thread members.

Abstract: An overtube according to the present invention has an insertion portion having a distal end portion and a proximal end portion, at least the distal end portion being inserted into an examination subject; a first lumen formed in the insertion portion and in which a device for carrying out medical procedures in the examination subject is freely inserted and removed; a tissue cutting portion that is to be disposed at the distal end portion of the insertion portion traversing the first lumen and that cuts the tissue of the examination subject; and a holding portion that holds the tissue cutting portion at a position removed from a position traversing the first lumen.