Abstract: A piston pump for brake systems employs a pulsation-smoothing device that functions especially well in the region of the outlet valve. As a result, substantially less noise occurs, and the durability of the piston pump is substantially better. The piston pump is used essentially in traction-controlled motor vehicle brake systems.

Abstract: In piston pumps for brake systems used until now, there were often noise problems, from pressure pulsations.

Abstract: The valve needle includes a connecting part that is manufactured from a semifinished profiled section and joins an armature and a valve closure member. Together with the armature, the profiled connecting part forms flow channels. Since the fuel flowing through the flow channels arrives downstream from the flow channels, outside of the connecting part and up to the valve seat, there is no need for fuel outside the connecting part. The valve needle is especially suited for injectors in fuel-injection systems of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: The connection conductor leading from the connection end of a sensor element towards the end of the sensor remote from the gas to be measured is a metallic connection part (17) that is rigid against torsion and passes through the aperture (16) of the closure shell (14) where it is sealed by a bead-like element (41) having a tubular extension (48), beyond which the connection conductor has an axial internal connection surface for a cable (19). A sleeve (51) of yielding material (51) covers the adjoining ends of the cable and of the connecting conductor and an overlay shell (52) compresses the sleeve to make a tight seal, both around the cable and against the tubular end of the bead (41). The overlay shell snaps on to the tubular extension of the bead by interlocking annular sawtooth ridges.