Abstract: A method for determining the filling pressure for a clutch and a hydraulic clutch adapted to conduct said method are suggested where clutch linings are brought into engagement against the force of a clutch release spring by a hydraulic pressure system. The hydraulic pressure is controlled such that an engagement point where the clutch linings abut against each other but without establishing a torque transmitting capacity in the clutch can be reached quickly and precisely. The purpose is to achieve a short gear shifting time, but at the same time avoid impacts due to premature torque transmittal capacity in the clutch during gear shifting. A precision shifting mode or a fast shifting mode can be established, compromising speed and torque transmitting capacity depending on the preferred driving mode.

Abstract: Method for determining the filling pressure for a clutch that comprises clutch linings, a clutch release spring, and a hydraulic pressure system for closing the clutch against the force of the clutch release spring. By several method steps iteratively a set-filling-pressure is determined that allows an optimum pressure to bring the clutch linings quickly into an abutting position at an engagement point, but avoiding such high pressure that would press the clutch linings against each other in a manner that would cause the clutch to transmit torque.

Abstract: A method for determining the filling pressure for a clutch and a hydraulic clutch adapted to conduct said method are suggested where clutch linings are brought into engagement against the force of a clutch release spring by a hydraulic pressure system. The hydraulic pressure is controlled such that an engagement point where the clutch linings abut against each other but without establishing a torque transmitting capacity in the clutch can be reached quickly and precisely. The purpose is to achieve a short gear shifting time, but at the same time avoid impacts due to premature torque transmittal capacity in the clutch during gear shifting. A precision shifting mode or a fast shifting mode can be established, compromising speed and torque transmitting capacity depending on the preferred driving mode.

Abstract: Method for determining the filling pressure for a clutch that comprises clutch linings, a clutch release spring, and a hydraulic pressure system for closing the clutch against the force of the clutch release spring. By several method steps iteratively a set-filling-pressure is determined that allows an optimum pressure to bring the clutch linings quickly into an abutting position at an engagement point, but avoiding such high pressure that would press the clutch linings against each other in a manner that would cause the clutch to transmit torque.

Abstract: To zero or reference-set or null-set a signal source, typically a distance or rotary angle transducer (10), a closed control loop (11, 12, 13) is connected in the output (E) from the signal source, which includes feedback of the system output signal (A) and comparison thereof with a reference or null or zero-set signal (W) when the signal source or transducer is at the reference position, the closed control loop including a correction element (11), such as an adder, to correct the zero or null-set signal derived from the signal source in accordance with the operation of the control loop. This eliminates individual adjustment of the zero or null-set of the signal source, reducing costs and increasing accuracy of the zero or null-set.

Abstract: Two magnetic valves, one of which reduces the pressure and the other one of which increases the pressure by which the displacement of a positioning member is controlled, only one of them operated at a time in accordance to the sign of the error signal, are operated in a pulsed mode with variable pulse width when the error signal is within a range of low absolute value and in a continuous mode of operation when the error signal has a higher absolute value. Variation of the magnitude of the error signal within the intermittent valve operation range controls pulse width variation. Hysteresis is provided in a transition between operating modes of a valve by a time delay of the mode change after the error signal has risen or fallen past a threshold value of signal. High displacement resolution is obtained as well as independence from effect of temperature drifts and magnetic valve characteristics.

Abstract: A first error signal produced by comparison of actual engine speed value with a reference speed value is modified by blocking out of it a component corresponding to speed deviation within a dead zone speed range. The modified signal is then processed separately by proportional and integrating amplifiers of a PI controller each having a characteristic unsymmetrical with respect to the sign of the error signal. Before processing by the integrating amplifier, the modified error signal is further altered by a contribution from a signal proportional to engine speed to compensate for drifts caused by gradual temperature or atmospheric pressure changes. When the engine is not in idling operation, a fedback contribution is supplied at the same place for preloading the integrator for the next idling operation. The separately processed signals are added together to produce a position reference signal for a displaceable idling speed stop for the engine throttle.

Abstract: Regulation of idling speed involves the production of a first error signal by comparing engine speed with a reference idling speed, and then deriving from the first error signal in an amplifying PI controller, proportional and integral components that are added together, for use of the PI sum signal as a reference value signal for the displaceable stop position. The latter is compared to the actual stop position to provide a second error signal for control of electro-pneumatic valves of a positioning device that displaces the stop. Both the proportional and integral components produced in the controller vary assymetrically about the reference idling speed, so that regulation operates more strongly when the engine speed is too low than when it is too high, except for a dead zone on either side of the reference idling speed.

Abstract: A method for varying the phase spacing of sequential ignition control pulses emitted by an ignition pulse transducer and an apparatus for performing the method are proposed, wherein it is ascertained in the case of the sequential ignition pulses whether their phase spacing has become shorter. If a shortening of the phase spacing is ascertained, then the ascertained phase difference, or a maximal value of the phase difference, is added to the phase spacing of the ignition pulse at that particular time. In this manner, jerking which occurs particularly at constant rpm, when internal combustion engines with externally-supplied ignition used to operate a motor vehicle are driven in the vicinity of the idling rpm, is avoided by simple means.

Abstract: A method of varying the phase spacing of sequential ignition pulses emitted by an ignition pulse transducer and an apparatus for performing the method are proposed, in which with the aid of a phase control circuit a corrected ignition control pulse train of average frequency is formed on the basis of an actual ignition control pulse train. The corrected pulse train being held constant so long as a given phase difference is maintained between the two control pulse trains. As a result, brief rpm fluctuations, which in an rpm range in the vicinity of idling rpm are perceived as jerking, are compensated for. When there are changes in rpm which cause larger phase deviations, the corrected ignition control pulse train is synchronized with the actual ignition control pulse train.