Abstract: A swinging-and-sliding door for vehicles which opens in two mutually perpendicular steps, a first step wherein it bends out of a doorway-closed position and into a ready-to-slide position and a second step wherein it slides aside horizontally into a doorway-open position. The door is mounted with a roller carriage and a horizontal track fastened to the inside of the door essentially halfway up. The roller carriage is mounted in a doorway immediately adjacent to a vertical edge of a doorframe opposite to the leading edge of the door in the closed position and on the same level as the track. The roller carriage travels back and forth in the track and in and out in the same direction as the first door-opening step on a carriage holder. The door is at least to some extent flexible in the direction it moves in during the first door-opening step and is subjected to tension such that the middle of the door will resiliently bend to a prescribed extent in a direction opposite that of the first door-opening step.

Abstract: In a process such as the preparation of sulphuric acid wherein a wrought or cast material or a welding filler is contacted with hot concentrated sulphuric acid or oleum of up to 10 wt-%, the improvement which comprises forming the contact portion of said wrought or cast material or said filler of an austenitic iron-nickel-chromimum-silicon alloy comprising about15.5 to 17.5 wt-% nickel10 to 12 wt-% chromium5.7 to 6.5 wt-% siliconup to max. 0.06 wt-% carbonup to max. 1.5 wt-% manganeseup to max. 0.03 wt-% phosphorusup to max. 0.03 wt-% sulphurup to max. 0.15 wt-% titaniumup to max. 0.8 wt-% zirconiumup to max. 0.2 wt-% nitrogen andup to max. 0.3 wt-% molybdenumand the remainder iron,together with minimal quantities of normally present impurities, including the deoxidizing elements magnesium, aluminum and calcium.

Abstract: In the processing of hot concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum in steel apparatus, the improvement wherein said apparatus is formed of an alloyed material comprising an iron-chrome-nickel-silicon alloy containing 13 to 32% by weight Cr, 5 to 25% by weight nickel and 4 to 9% by weight Si and having a structure containing more than 10% delta-ferrite.

Abstract: In the processing of hot concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum in steel apparatus, the improvement wherein said apparatus is formed of an alloyed material comprising an iron-chrome-nickel-silicon alloy containing 13 to 32% by weight Cr, 5 to 25% by weight nickel and 4 to 9% by weight Si and having a structure containing more than 10% delta-ferrite.

Abstract: A rotating drive mechanism for swinging doors, especially on vehicles, with a helical transmission consisting of a stator that is rigidly connected to the housing of the rotating drive mechanism, a rotor that can rotate but cannot move axially and that is rigidly connected to the driveshaft, a coupling component that moves axially to rotate the rotor in relation to the stator, and a pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinder with a piston rod that is connected to the coupling component. The drive cylinder is an annular cylinder that has an outer and an inner jacket as well as an annular piston between the inner and the outer jacket. The coupling component is a nut that extends into the inner cylinder jacket and surrounds a rotor in the form of a threaded spindle. The rotor extends coaxially through the inside of the inner jacket and is, where it emerges from the housing, in one piece with the stub of the takeoff shaft.

Abstract: A rotating drive mechanism for operating the wing of a swinging door, especially of a vehicle. The wing is articulated by pivoting arms to a rotating post, which it rotates along with. When the door is closed, the wing can be raised by axial displacement of the post into a locked position, where locking components on the stationary door frame and on the wing of the door engage each other. The post is driven by a strictly linear mechanism that is controlled by pressure medium and its linear motion is converted into a rotation by a helical transmission.

Abstract: A device for activating a rotating post, especially one that moves a swinging-door panel in a motor vehicle and which need no additional space at each end of the rotating post. The post is rotatably mounted in a mount at each end. The post is a hollow cylinder that accommodates a worm gear driven by a bi-directional pneumatic piston-and-cylinder drive. The piston-and-cylinder drive is completely accommodated inside the post and consists of at least two piston-and-cylinder units pneumatically connected in parallel with a common piston rod. Each unit incorporates a piston and cylinder aligned within a sleeve that is rigidly fastened to and coaxial with one of the mounts. The pressure medium that drives the panel in one direction is supplied to each cylinder through a coaxial bore in the piston rod. The bore extends axially and connects all the pistons. The bore communicates with the insides of the cylinders in the vicinity of each piston face that faces the same direction.

Abstract: An electromechanical device for activating a rotating post that moves the leaf of a swinging door on a vehicle, especially a mass-transit vehicle. An electric motor activates the column by means of an intermediate worm gear. The motor outtake shaft is coupled to the worm-gear intake shaft. A worm wheel is coupled to the worm-gear outtake shaft, which activates the rotating post. The electromechanical activating device contains an emergency mechanism for uncoupling the worm-gear outtake shaft from the worm wheel in relation to their rotation. The mechanism incorporates a coupling that can be disengaged between the outtake shaft and the worm wheel, which is mounted over it coaxially. The mechanism also involves several balls situated such that they can be forced into recesses in the outtake shaft while simultaneously engaging axial grooves in the inner surface of the worm wheel.

Abstract: A helical ball gearing for converting axial or linear motion into rotary motion and vice versa. In a helical ball gearing including a rotor having at least one helical groove, a non-rotatable but axial displaceable shaft having at least one helical groove and being disposed at least partly within the rotor, a plurality of balls disposed in the helical grooves between the rotor and shaft, and a guide for the balls serving as a bearing for the balls, the guide being elastically resilient in the axial direction. The guide thereby allowing the balls to shift axially within the grooves so as to reduce wear on the grooves. The guide may be a helical spring.

Abstract: An anti-clamping device for a vehicle door driven in opening and closing movements by a turnable shaft in turn driven by a transmission rod. The anti-clamping device comprises a telescopic element interposed in the transmission rod and including first and second telescopically engaged parts having retracted and extended positions. A control member is mounted on one of the parts and can be in the form of a projecting pin while spaced switches are mounted on the other of the parts. The pin projects between the switches to operate a selected one thereof depending on whether the parts are telescopically retracted or extended to reverse the direction of door movement. Thereby when an obstacle is present in the path of travel of the door, stress in the transmission rod will be accompanied by telescopic retraction or extension of the parts depending upon whether the door is in its opening or closing movement which produces closure of one of the switches to reverse the direction of door movement.

Abstract: A system for protection against getting caught in automatically operable doors or windows, particularly of vehicles. Specific intervals of time within which the closing or opening door should reach a given position are preset. When the door does not reach one of these positions within the time allowed, the reversing motion is initiated or the cycle of motions is stopped. For this purpose, an electric signal generator coupled to the door motion delivers electric position signals when predetermined positions of the door are reached. An electric storage element is set by the position signals and after a predetermined time interval automatically reset, with the logic value of its output signal changing.

Abstract: Obstacle sensing apparatus for a pivotal door has a drive for operating the door between open and closed positions. Linkage is provided between the pivotal column which supports the door for swinging movement and a platform pivotally mounted on a fixed adjacent structure. When an obstacle is encountered the reactive force pivots the platform through the linkage and activates switches which reverse the drive. Elastic blocks keep the platform centered except when an obstacle is encountered.

Abstract: An apparatus for locking a door leaf comprising a turnable shaft secured to the door by an arm to drive the door in opening and closing movements under the action of a piston-drive which produces slight axial movement of the shaft as the door approaches the closed position. A first locking element is fixed to the door frame and a second locking element is fixed to the door, the locking elements having wedge-shaped noses which interengage and lock the locking elements when the door is closed and the shaft is lifted. The locking element on the door frame includes an axial extension overlapping the nose of the locking element on the door to form an abutment to limit the degree of angular closure of the door. The axial extension can carry a friction-reducing insert to facilitate relative movement between the noses when the door is lifted at the end of the closure movement.

Abstract: A swinging door construction for a vehicle comprising a door panel having upper and lower swing arms coupled thereto and connected to a rotatable swing column. A drive mechanism is secured to the body of the vehicle and operatively engages the swing column to rotate the same and effect swinging of the door. The lower swing arm is connected to the swing column by a connecting member which extends upwardly above the drive mechanism and is secured to the swing column.