Abstract: A transmission system using frequency and time spreading techniques is disclosed. The transmission system allows priority of transmission parameters and adjustment of same in relation to transmission quality and channel characteristics measured in real time.

Abstract: A method and a device for the coding and/or decoding of an information symbol for transmission over a transmission channel or a received signal value is described and illustrated, whereby a channel symbol used for coding is selected from at least two available channel symbols by means of a pre-calculated expected received signal value. The pre-calculation is achieved, based on the echo properties of the transmission channel and transmission values already sent. A pre-coding method with low receiver-side calculation requirement is thus prepared, whereby the information symbol can be transmitted by means of various channel symbols and thus various transmission values can also be transmitted. The possible selections may be used for minimization of the transmission energy and/or to achieve a minimal disturbance or even a constructive effect through the inter-symbol interference occurring on transmission.

Abstract: Method for wireless information transfer, in particular for mobile communications, in which an input signal (s1, g4) is subjected to a modulation in a transmitter (2 to 8) and reaches a receiver (11 to 15) through a transmission channel, whereby angle modulated pulses, carrying information and possessing a frequency spectrum, are generated in the transmitter in such a way that they can be time compressed in a receiver by means of a filter (13) with frequency dependent, differential delay time, also known as group delay, in such a way, that pulses arise with shortened duration and increased amplitude compared to the emitted pulses, and at least a portion of the information is imprinted onto the pulses using an additional modulation, independent of the angle modulation, and/or is used for controlling a parameter of the angle modulation that can then be registered in the receiver.

Abstract: A receiver-specific regulation of the transmission energy of a symbol to be transmitted is effected by adaptation of the symbol duration or by adaptation of the number of bits transmitted with the symbol or by both measures in combination, in each case using a respective predetermined transmission power. As a result each of the measures provided for adjustment of the transmission energy effects adaptation of the symbol duration per bit, that is to say the ratio of the symbol duration to the number of bits contained therein. What is crucial for adaptation in each case is observing, or, in an alternative form of the method, falling below an upper limit value in respect of an error recognition rate associated with the respective receiver when using the predetermined transmission power. The transmission method according to the invention therefore, to clearly indicate the distinction from power management methods, can also be referred to as energy management in the form of bit duration management (BDM).

Abstract: The transceiver according to the invention is a transmitting and receiving device for the transmission of digital signal sequences. Chirp signals are used for signal transmission by way of the air interface, such signals making it possible for the BT-product in the transmission band to be very much greater than the BT-product in the baseband by simultaneous frequency and time spreading. The transmitting and receiving device is distinguished in that chirp signals which are different in respect of the BT-product and/or the time-frequency characteristic can be stored in a memory in order for them to be selectively called up and raised into the transmission frequency band by direct upward conversion. No mirror frequency bands are produced with this procedure so that complicated band pass filters in the carrier frequency position can be eliminated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface-wave transducer device—also called TAGs—and to identification systems with this device. DE 42 17 049 discloses a passive surface sensor which can be interrogated in wireless mode. In this context, energy is transmitted by radio to the sensor using an interrogation device, the interrogation being done by means of chirped transmission signals. The sensor has transducers and reflectors. The reflectors reflect the chirp signal in a time-staggered sequence, so that the sensor returns a time-staggered chirp signal to the interrogation device. The reflection principle means that the surface-wave sensor described above (also called SAW—surface acoustic wave—sensor in the following text) has a very high insertion loss of the order of 50 dB, for example.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the coding and decoding of an information symbol for transmission over a transmission channel or a received signal value, whereby a channel symbol used for coding is selected from at least two available channel symbols by means of a pre-calculated expected received signal value. The pre-calculation is achieved, based on the echo properties of the transmission channel and transmission values already sent. A pre-coding method with low receiver-side calculation requirement is thus prepared, whereby the information symbol can be transmitted by means of various channel symbols and thus various transmission values can also be transmitted. The possible selections may be used for minimisation of the transmission energy and/or to achieve a minimal disturbance or even a constructive effect through the inter-symbol interference occurring on transmission.

Abstract: Transmission method in which angle-modulated pulses with temporally opposite angle modulation are generated in the receiver during the duration of the pulse, which pulses are superimposed by means of a first superimposing element (8, 9), in each case in pairs, into a folded pulse, whereby the folded pulses transmitted to the receiver, after a modulation process, carry information impressed upon them, and these folded pulses are filtered at the receiver through two parallel-connected, complementary dispersion filters with frequency-dependent group delay characteristics, whereby the frequency-dependent group delay characteristics of the two dispersion filters are matched to the angle-modulation, in each case, of one of the two pulses forming in their superposition the folded pulse, in such a way that at the output of the dispersion filter, in each case, a combined signal appears that consists of one compressed pulse with increased amplitude and one expanded pulse with decreased amplitude, whereby the signals at

Abstract: Method for wireless information transfer, in particular for mobile communications, in which an input signal (s1, g4) is subjected to a modulation in a transmitter (2 to 8) and reaches a receiver (11 to 15) through a transmission channel, whereby angle modulated pulses, carrying information and possessing a frequency spectrum, are generated in the transmitter in such a way that they can be time compressed in a receiver by means of a filter (13) with frequency dependent, differential delay time, also known as group delay, in such a way, that pulses arise with shortened duration and increased amplitude compared to the emitted pulses, and at least a portion of the information is imprinted onto the pulses using an additional modulation, independent of the angle modulation, and/or is used for controlling a parameter of the angle modulation that can then be registered in the receiver.

Abstract: Method for wireless information transfer, in particular for mobile communications, in which an input signal (s1, g4) is subjected to a modulation in a transmitter (2 to 8) and reaches a receiver (11 to 15) through a transmission channel, whereby angle modulated pulses, carrying information and possessing a frequency spectrum, are generated in the transmitter in such a way that they can be time compressed in a receiver by means of a filter (13) with frequency dependent, differential delay time, also known as group delay, in such a way, that pulses arise with shortened duration and increased amplitude compared to the emitted pulses, and at least a portion of the information is imprinted onto the pulses using an additional modulation, independent of the angle modulation, arid/or is used for controlling a parameter of the angle modulation that can then be registered in the receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for wireless communication with a medical device implanted in the human body. In the method disclosed herein an information input signal undergoes an angle modulation in a transmitter and reaches a receiver through a transmission channel. Angle modulated information carrying pulses with a frequency spectrum are generated. The pulses are time compressed in the receiver using a filter with frequency dependent transit time. The pulses are created with shortened duration and increased amplitude compared to emitted pulses. The pulses on the transmitter side are imprinted with at least part of information constituting a message using a further modulation or encoding procedure of telecommunications. At least part of the information constituting the message is additionally imprinted onto the angle modulation.

Abstract: Measuring and/or control system (1) for detection of the distance of an object (2) or of a person from a predetermined reference point, with a first transmitting/receiving device (10) for generation and wireless transmission of a control signal to a separate second transmitting and/receiving device (30), as well as for receipt of an acknowledgment signal generated from the second transmitting/receiving device (30) upon receipt of the control signal, whereby both of the transmitting/receiving devices display on the transmitting side a signal source (23, 24, 25, 26) that generates as a control and/or as an acknowledgment signal, pulses that display during the duration of the pulse a monotonically falling or rising frequency, or that consists of a super-position of these types of pulses in pairs, the other current transmitting/receiving device (10, 30) displaying on the receiving side for time compression of the received pulses, at least one dispersion filter (11) having a predetermined frequency-dependent signa

Abstract: Method for wireless information transfer, in particular for mobile communications, in which an input signal (s1, g4) is subjected to a modulation in a transmitter (2 to 8) and reaches a receiver (11 to 15) through a transmission channel, whereby angle modulated pulses, carrying information and possessing a frequency spectrum, are generated in the transmitter in such a way that they can be time compressed in a receiver by means of a filter (13) with frequency dependent, differential delay time, also known as group delay, in such a way, that pulses arise with shortened duration and increased amplitude compared to the emitted pulses, and at least a portion of the information is imprinted onto the pulses using an additional modulation, independent of the angle modulation, and/or is used for controlling a parameter of the angle modulation that can then be registered in the receiver.

Abstract: A signal processing device having at least one input for analog input signals and one shift register or a corresponding data memory, an analog/digital converter and a processor for processing the digital signal train forming the output signal of the analog/digital converter, the signal train representing the signal course - which is preferably to be displayed in a display field - wherein the shift register is embodied as a digitally operating high-speed shift register or RAM and is connected to the output side of the analog/digital converter, in particular directly or with a data buffer interposed between them.

Abstract: A signal processing device having a level adapter circuit, in particular a broad band oscilloscope, having an operational amplifier with an amplification factor determined by the ratio of a first resistor between the signal input and the inverting input of the operational amplifier--the virtual ground--and a second resistor between the inverting input of the operational amplifier and the signal output, in which the resistors may optionally be complex, in which at least one parallel resistor is provided for the first resistor, the first terminal of which is firmly connected to the signal input or a connecting point of a plurality of partial resistors forming the first resistor, and the second terminal of which can be switched over between the inverting input of the operational amplifier, which input forms the virtual ground, and the real reference potential for the amplifier input.

Abstract: A multi-pole slide switch for an electrical apparatus processing signals having fixed contact areas provided on both sides on an insulated support layer in the form of a printed circuit board, and a switch slider with generally omega-shaped contact elements enclosing the edge of the support layer and resting resiliently against it for the alternate connection of contact areas respectively opposite each other, wherein the switch slider has chamber-like recesses, into which the contact elements are loosely inserted, wherein the discrete contact elements are movable by a set amount in a direction parallel to the direction of the contact pressure and/or are mounted within the recess rotatably around an axle pointing in the direction of switching.

Abstract: Testing device for indicating electric voltage, polarity, and for continuity testing, including:two handles connected by a cable and having test prods;high-resistance series resistors connected to the prods;indicating stages having optical indicating elements with staggered voltage ranges in one handle;an oscillator connected to the indicating stages and to an acoustical signal generator;an isolation amplifier connected between the indicating stages and resistors;a battery connected to the amplifier and activatible by the amplifier;a switching power supply connected to the oscillator;an energy storage device connected to the amplifier;a first switch connected to the battery;a second switch connected between the power supply and the storage device for feeding voltage in a rest position, when the storage device is charged and being switchable into contact for feeding a charge to the amplifier and for checking operability in sequence;transistors having bases connected to the oscillator for intermittently switchi

Abstract: There is disclosed a hand-held testing device for indicating different values of an electric test voltage. The testing device comprises at least one grip body adapted to be held in the hand and an electric circuit arranged therein. The grip body has a testing tip forming an input connecting point of the electric circuit adapted for receiving a test voltage and has a ground connection. The voltage divider connected between the connecting point and the ground connection has at least two ohmic resistors connected in series via a respective connector tap. Furthermore, the electric circuit has a plurality of display stages, each stage being connected to a respective connector tap of the voltage divider. Each display stage has a two-state amplifying element responsive to the voltage at the respective connector tap and has an optical display element indicating the presence of a given test voltage which is received at the connecting point.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hand held testing device for measuring different electrical quantities. Two handles equipped with test prongs are interconnected by a cable. A battery and means for charging the same are built into one handle. The other handle is provided with a function selecting switch and a range selecting switch having finger grip elements. Movable switch elements are constructed of contact rollers. The stationary switch elements are commonly formed of a printed circuit board bearing respective contact areas. A second printed circuit board assembly arranged aside the first board carries the main electrical units on one side and a display device with a visible display area on the opposite side. Selector areas assigned to each one of the switches for marking selector positions are arranged on the same side of the handle body as the display area. Test prongs, selector areas and the display area may therefore be viewed together.