Abstract: A device for controlling a valve with an electromagnet having a coil fed by a current, includes a closed-loop control unit configured to control the current using a closed-loop control circuit, the closed-loop control circuit having a plurality of elements which are set by a plurality of control parameters to generate an actual pressure value at the valve, the actual pressure value depending upon the dead volume. The device includes a dead volume setting unit configured to adapt to a change in dead volume while accounting for a nonlinear relationship between the dead volume and the plurality of control parameters by simultaneously setting the plurality of control parameters based upon a single dead volume parameter.

Abstract: A device for controlling a valve with an electromagnet having a coil fed by a current, includes a closed-loop control unit configured to control the current using a closed-loop control circuit, the closed-loop control circuit having a plurality of elements which are set by a plurality of control parameters to generate an actual pressure value at the valve, the actual pressure value depending upon the dead volume. The device includes a dead volume setting unit configured to adapt to a change in dead volume while accounting for a nonlinear relationship between the dead volume and the plurality of control parameters by simultaneously setting the plurality of control parameters based upon a single dead volume parameter.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a crankcase, a crankshaft, a cylinder block, and cylinder head assembly. The cylinder block has at least one cylinder. At least one piston is disposed in the at least one cylinder. The at least one piston is operatively connected to the crankshaft. An oil tank enclosure is connected to at least one of the crankcase outer wall and the cylinder block outer wall. The oil tank enclosure and the at least one of the crankcase outer wall and the cylinder block outer wall together form an oil tank. The arrangement of the oil inlet, oil outlet, and blow-by gas outlet in an oil tank; an oil tank having an angled portion for separating blow-by gases from oil; and an arrangement of a blow-by gas passage connected to an oil tank are also described.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a crankcase, a crankshaft, a cylinder block, and cylinder head assembly. The cylinder block has at least one cylinder. At least one piston is disposed in the at least one cylinder. The at least one piston is operatively connected to the crankshaft. An oil tank enclosure is connected to at least one of the crankcase outer wall and the cylinder block outer wall. The oil tank enclosure and the at least one of the crankcase outer wall and the cylinder block outer wall together form an oil tank. The arrangement of the oil inlet, oil outlet, and blow-by gas outlet in an oil tank; an oil tank having an angled portion for separating blow-by gases from oil; and an arrangement of a blow-by gas passage connected to an oil tank are also described.