Abstract: A rotatable drilling shoe attachable to a section of casing that allows for drilling and casing of a well bore in a single trip. The drilling shoe includes a fixed section and a rotatable section that has a drillable bit attached thereto. The drilling shoe further includes a mechanism for inhibiting rotation of the rotatable section after the casing is cemented into place so that the drillable bit can be drilled out by a subsequent drilling operation.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of ionic liquids by an anion exchange reaction of a quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, imidazolium, or pyridinium halide, providing the appropriate cation component, with an acid or a salt thereof, providing the appropriate anion component, involves carrying out said reaction under ultrasonication. Ionic liquids belong to a known class of chemical compounds and are useful as solvents for organic syntheses; they are of particular interest in view of their capability of replacing classical solvents and avoiding the toxicological and disposal problems associated with such latter solvents.

Abstract: A changeover device for an installation for recovery of the gases proceeding from a tilting converter placed in an enclosure connected to a fixed suction duct called the main suction duct. The main suction duct enables recovery of the gases which escape from the converter in the vertical position for blast. A secondary duct connected to one and the same suction device as the main duct enables the recovery of the gases in the converter in the inclined position for charging. The changeover device enables the suction to be exerted either in the main duct or in the secondary duct. It comprises a suction chamber having two superposed portions connected by a vertical junction duct projecting into the upper portion of the chamber. Around the junction duct there is a tank containing water. A vertically movable bell plunges into the tank in order to isolate the two portions of the chamber with respect to one another.