Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an application server providing a service to a multipath enabled mobile entity connected to the application server with a first bearer of a first access network of a first mobile communications network, wherein the application server is external to the mobile communications network, whereas the method comprises the steps of receiving an indication that the mobile entity has an option to use another bearer not belonging to the first mobile communications network for accessing the application server, and of transmitting a request message towards a policy control entity of the first mobile communications network requesting the policy control entity to disconnect the first bearer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosed techniques include methods for estimating network performance of a path between a terminal device and an application server through a core network. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring network performance of a portion of the path within the core network to obtain one or more partial network performance measurements in a first period, obtaining one or more end-to-end measurements of the path in the first period, where the end-to-end measurements are values of an end-to-end performance indicator; and estimating one or more values of the end-to-end performance indicator in a second period after the first period, using partial network performance measurements in the second period and the machine learning function.

Abstract: The use of multipath enabled mobile entities accessing a service outside the network in a multipath connection. The invention relates to a method for operating an application server (100) providing a service to a multipath enabled mobile entity (10) connected to the application server with a first bearer of a first access network of a first mobile communications network, wherein the application server is external to the mobile communications network, whereas the method comprises the steps of receiving an indication that the mobile entity (10) has an option to use another bearer not belonging to the first mobile communications network for accessing the application server, and of transmitting a request message towards a policy control entity (50) of the first mobile communications network requesting the policy control entity to disconnect the first bearer.

Abstract: A method of managing traffic associated with a User Equipment, UE, by a User Plane Function, UPF, in a telecommunication network, said UPF being associated with a Session Management Function, SMF, and a Network Data Analytics Function, NWDAF, wherein said UPF has access to an observation space comprising a list of possible states said network may take and wherein said UPF has access to an action space comprising a list of possible actions that said UPF is allowed to perform, said method comprising the steps of receiving a state of said network, wherein said state is comprised by said list of possible states, receiving a reward, wherein said reward indicates a degree of satisfaction of said network to be in said state, receiving network traffic from said UE and performing, triggered by said received traffic, an action comprised by said list of possible actions based on said received state of said network and based on said received reward.

Abstract: A method of managing traffic associated with a User Equipment, UE, by a User Plane Function, UPF, in a telecommunication network, said UPF being associated with a Session Management Function, SMF, and a Network Data Analytics Function, NWDAF, wherein said UPF has access to an observation space comprising a list of possible states said network may take and wherein said UPF has access to an action space comprising a list of possible actions that said UPF is allowed to perform, said method comprising the steps of receiving a state of said network, wherein said state is comprised by said list of possible states, receiving a reward, wherein said reward indicates a degree of satisfaction of said network to be in said state, receiving network traffic from said UE and performing, triggered by said received traffic, an action comprised by said list of possible actions based on said received state of said network and based on said received reward.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, for controlling at least one path in a multipath environment by a path control entity, wherein the at least one one path is used for transmitting an encrypted video stream comprising a sequence of video segments. The method comprises the following steps: estimating a resolution used in the video stream based on the video segments, and determining that the resolution used in the video stream has changed during the transmission. When it is determined that the resolution used in the video stream has changed, an adaptation of a number of the at least one path used for transmitting the video stream in the multipath configuration is initiated based on the determined change of the resolution.

Abstract: A technique for dynamically classifying and re-classifying a data packet flow on a user plane of a core network domain is described. According to an apparatus aspect, a device is provided for dynamically classifying and re-classifying a data packet flow, wherein the device is configured to classify and re-classify the data packet flow using packet detection rules (PDRs) and wherein each PDR is associated with at least one action to be applied to data packets matching the PDR. The device is configured to receive one or more first data packets of a data packet flow, to determine that the received one or more first data packets match a first PDR to classify the data packet flow according to the first PDR, and to trigger application of at least one first action associated with the first PDR to the one or more first packets.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosed techniques include methods for estimating network performance of a path between a terminal device and an application server through a core network. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring network performance of a portion of the path within the core network to obtain one or more partial network performance measurements in a first period, obtaining one or more end-to-end measurements of the path in the first period, where the end-to-end measurements are values of an end-to-end performance indicator; and estimating one or more values of the end-to-end performance indicator in a second period after the first period, using partial network performance measurements in the second period and the machine learning function.

Abstract: A data traffic routing method and apparatus for controlling data traffic in a communication network, the method comprising: receiving, at a first agent from a User Plane Function, communication network status information; calculating, by the first agent, data traffic routing instructions using a current routing model; sending by the first agent: the data traffic routing instructions to the User Plane Function; and experience information to a second agent; storing, at the second agent, the experience information; determining, at the second agent, if the number of instances of stored experience information exceeds a predetermined threshold; and if it is determined that the number of instances of stored experience information exceeds a predetermined threshold: training a neural network using the instances of stored experience information; and updating the current routing model using results of the neural network training.

Abstract: A method of managing traffic associated with a User Equipment, UE, by a User Plane Function, UPF, in a telecommunication network, said UPF being associated with a Session Management Function, SMF, and a Network Data Analytics Function, NWDAF, wherein said UPF has access to an observation space comprising a list of possible states said network may take and wherein said UPF has access to an action space comprising a list of possible actions that said UPF is allowed to perform, said method comprising the steps of receiving a state of said network, wherein said state is comprised by said list of possible states, receiving a reward, wherein said reward indicates a degree of satisfaction of said network to be in said state, receiving network traffic from said UE and performing, triggered by said received traffic, an action comprised by said list of possible actions based on said received state of said network and based on said received reward.

Abstract: The use of multipath enabled mobile entities accessing a service outside the network in a multipath connection. The invention relates to a method for operating an application server (100) providing a service to a multipath enabled mobile entity (10) connected to the application server with a first bearer of a first access network of a first mobile communications network, wherein the application server is external to the mobile communications network, whereas the method comprises the steps of receiving an indication that the mobile entity (10) has an option to use another bearer not belonging to the first mobile communications network for accessing the application server, and of transmitting a request message towards a policy control entity (50) of the first mobile communications network requesting the policy control entity to disconnect the first bearer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for communicating a hybrid user equipment with an Internet server, whereby a hybrid access gateway receives a multi-path request from a user plane system, transmits the multipath request toward an Internet server, and receives a corresponding response from the Internet server. If the received response is a single-path response, the hybrid access gateway assumes the Internet server does not support multi-path, activates a proxy function for the session and transmits a multi-path response for the received single-path response toward the user plane system, and the latter marks transmitting further multi-path requests for this session toward the hybrid access gateway.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, for controlling at least one path in a multipath environment by a path control entity, wherein the at least one one path is used for transmitting an encrypted video stream comprising a sequence of video segments. The method comprises the following steps: estimating a resolution used in the video stream based on the video segments, and determining that the resolution used in the video stream has changed during the transmission. When it is determined that the resolution used in the video stream has changed, an adaptation of a number of the at least one path used for transmitting the video stream in the multipath configuration is initiated based on the determined change of the resolution.